69 pages 2-hour read

Marissa Meyer

Winter

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2015

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Symbols & Motifs

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of illness, ableism, and gender discrimination.

Hallucinations, Illusions, and Delusions

Multiple characters struggle with hallucinations, illusions, and delusions in Winter, making altered perceptions an important motif. These unstable perceptions reflect the struggle of Maintaining Personal Identity in the Face of Authoritarian Power. Winter’s Lunar sickness shows this clearly. Throughout the novel, she struggles to separate her hallucinations from reality. When Winter tells the disguised Levana, “My eyes play tricks on me sometimes. They’re not very reliable,” Levana mocks her: “Oh, sweet, stupid child. […] We are Lunars. Our eyes are never reliable” (371). This exchange shows how difficult self-knowledge becomes when appearances can be manipulated.


While hallucinations plague Winter, Levana’s delusions also shape the novel. She sees herself as a benevolent queen and imagines the people’s adoration, even while she plans to unleash a plague on them. Her identity depends on denial. “Without a mirror, Levana knew she was beautiful. She was the most beautiful queen Luna had ever known, and Kaito was lucky to have such a bride” (280). In reality, Levana hides severe facial burns beneath magical glamour. The book uses these hidden scars to symbolize Levana’s treachery and corruption, just as it uses Snow White’s youthful, “authentic” beauty to symbolize her intrinsic goodness. While this symbolic framework aligns with traditional stories of Snow White, it is important to note the ableist and misogynistic implications of tying moral goodness to conventional beauty standards.


Illusion also defines the Lunar society itself. Glamour allows people to change how others see them, so beauty, loyalty, and even obedience become false performances. Winter and Cinder must learn to trust values rather than appearances. Winter’s kindness remains real despite her hallucinations, and Cinder’s identity survives despite years of shame and disguise.


Hallucinations, illusions, and delusions symbolize the danger of a society built on falsehood. Levana uses illusion to control others, but the protagonists resist by choosing honesty, compassion, and self-acceptance. Reality and identity become something characters must fight to reclaim.

The Lunar Gift

The Lunar gift is the magical ability to control the minds and actions of others, and it symbolizes loss of identity and self-determination under totalitarianism. Through this form of magic, Levana exerts totalitarian control at the most intimate level. The most elite figures in her government are the thaumaturges, who are extraordinarily skilled in using the Lunar gift to force obedience from others, rendering Levana’s power absolute.


The novel opens in the midst of a court proceeding in which a man is condemned to death for the crime of trying to rescue his infant child. The standard method of execution in Luna reveals immediately that Levana’s power extends even into the minds of her subjects: her chief thaumaturge, Aimery Park, compels the man to die by suicide. By forcing the man to become his own executioner, Levana strips him of all agency.


Winter, the novel’s protagonist and the queen’s daughter, sets herself apart by refusing to use the Lunar gift. Her refusal causes a range of severe physical and mental symptoms called “Lunar sickness,” but Winter is unwilling to alleviate her own suffering by robbing others of autonomy. Her respect for the freedom of others eventually helps her to build a more durable form of power. With Scarlet, Winter recruits a company of Levana’s wolf soldiers to join the rebellion. She gains their loyalty by promising never to control them through magic as Levana does. By respecting freedom of choice, she wins supporters who fight for her side because they choose to, not because they have to.

Scars, Injuries, and Body Alterations

Scars, lasting injuries, and body alterations symbolize identity in Winter. Nearly every major character carries some visible mark of the trauma they have experienced. Cinder’s cyborg limbs replace what she lost, Wolf’s body is reshaped by Levana’s genetic experimentation, and Winter bears scars on her face after Levana forces her to cut herself. These changes grow as Winter progresses, with Cinder losing some of her cyborg parts, Wolf further transforming, and Winter developing letumosis scars. These physical changes reflect deeper struggles over how each character sees themselves and how others define them.


Winter’s scars highlight this tension. At one point, she wonders whether it is acceptable to feel proud of them, a question that indicates her shifting sense of identity. Her scars begin as symbols of Levana’s control, but they become proof of survival. They force both Winter and those around her to confront what has been done to her. Her scars challenge the Lunar obsession with artificial beauty and expose the truth beneath illusion.


Similarly, Cinder’s cyborg body initially represents shame and marginalization. She hides it because society treats cyborgs as less than fully human. Over time, her mechanical parts become sources of strength and protection. Cinder accepts the parts of herself that others see as “inhuman,” rejecting their attempts to shape her identity.


Wolf’s altered body functions differently. His appearance and instincts threaten his sense of humanity, yet his relationships prove that identity remains despite his changed form. Cinder notes, “He was still Wolf after all” (523). Scarlet adds, “She didn’t flinch when she looked at him. Not at his enormous teeth or his monstrous hands. Not at the inhuman slope to his shoulders or the way his jaw protruded from his cheekbones. It was all superficial. They hadn’t changed him” (523). Wolf’s character shines through even though his appearance changes.


Together, these altered bodies show that damage does not erase identity. Instead, they suggest that experience, resilience, and choice shape identity. In contrast, Levana hides her own scars behind glamour, refusing to acknowledge them. This denial leaves her identity fragile. Scars become evidence of survival and self-acceptance.

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