Appearance Versus Reality

Can we ever fully trust our senses, or are they too unreliable to perceive the world as it is? In this collection, we gather texts that explore the idea of appearance versus reality, from classics such as Aristotle's On the Soul to contemporary bestsellers like Jia Tolentino's Trick Mirror.

Publication year 2020

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Appearance & Reality, Marriage, Loyalty & Betrayal, Safety & Danger, Trust & Doubt, Truth & Lies

Tags Horror & Suspense, Mystery & Crime Fiction

Publication year 1859

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Environment, Animals, Plants, Appearance & Reality, Nature Versus Nurture, Place, Climate, Food, Beauty, Order & Chaos

Tags Science & Nature, World History, Religion & Spirituality

Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (published in 1859) is a seminal work in evolutionary biology of great historical and scientific importance. Darwinian thought, especially regarding evolution, is now commonly accepted as the most powerful theory in biology and the natural history of species—and the system of natural selection that this theory advanced has been applied (and misappropriated)... Read On the Origin of Species Summary

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Appearance & Reality, Objects & Materials, Order & Chaos

Tags Philosophy, Religion & Spirituality, Ancient Greece, Education, Education, Classic Fiction, Philosophy

Aristotle (384-322 BC) was an important ancient Greek philosopher whose work embraced politics, ethics, and metaphysics. The title of his treatise On the Soul (sometimes known by its Latin title De Anima) suggests it is a seminal work on the process of understanding human beings. For Aristotle, “soul” denotes the life principle in plants, animals, and humans, and is thus a more biological and psychological than a spiritual concept. Some scholars believe that On the... Read On the Soul Summary

Publication year 2026

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Conflict, Perseverance, Hate & Anger, Memory, Indigenous Identity, Future, Appearance & Reality, Place, Space, Friendship, Teamwork, Colonialism, Community, War, Good & Evil, Power & Greed, Science & Technology

Tags Science Fiction, Fantasy, Humor

Publication year 1959

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Nation, Loyalty & Betrayal, Appearance & Reality

Tags Mystery & Crime Fiction, Satirical Literature, Military & War, Politics & Government, Cold War, Horror & Suspense, British Literature, World History, Humor, Classic Fiction

Graham Greene’s Our Man in Havana, a 1958 satirical spy novel, evokes the political atmosphere in Cuba on the cusp of the Communist takeover and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Relevant and well-received, the novel has been adapted into a film, a play, and an opera. Greene was himself a member of M16, the United Kingdom’s Secret Intelligence Service, and his background allowed him to portray both accurately and comically the behind-the-scenes espionage antics that make... Read Our Man in Havana Summary

Publication year 2021

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Emotions/Behavior: Courage, Perseverance, Fear, Joy, Loneliness, Memory, Disability, Coming of Age, Childhood & Youth, Music, Trust & Doubt, Safety & Danger, Art, Animals, Appearance & Reality

Tags Realistic Fiction, Disability, Coming of Age, Children`s Literature, Modern Classic Fiction

Publication year 2013

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Social Class, Friendship, Sexual Identity, Community, Safety & Danger, Daughters & Sons, Literature, Mothers, Family, Shame & Pride, Nature Versus Nurture, Fathers, Gender Identity, Appearance & Reality, Truth & Lies, Perseverance, Loneliness, Guilt, Hope

Tags Historical Fiction, Mystery & Crime Fiction, Realistic Fiction, Southern Literature, Trauma & Abuse, World History, Romance

Out of the Easy, written by Ruta Sepetys and published in 2013, is a young adult historical fiction novel. Sepetys is an award-winning Lithuanian American writer of young adult historical fiction. Her honors include the Carnegie Medal, awarded to one work of children’s or young adult literature per year. Her novels are international best sellers and are widely translated. Out of the Easy is about Josie, a teenage girl living in the French Quarter of... Read Out of the Easy Summary

Publication year 1608

Genre Play, Fiction

Themes Femininity, Sexual Identity, Appearance & Reality, Daughters & Sons, Fathers, Politics & Government, Fate

Tags Classic Fiction, Tragedy, Comedy & Satire, Jacobean Era

Pericles, Prince of Tyre (circa 1608) is one of William Shakespeare’s late plays, co-written with Geroge Wilkins and forming part of a cycle of romances that includes Cymbeline and The Tempest. The play follows the wandering Prince Pericles as he flees an incestuous tyrant, survives shipwrecks, wins and loses love, and is ultimately reunited with his long-lost wife and daughter. Once regarded as difficult to stage, Pericles is now considered one of Shakespeare’s most experimental... Read Pericles Summary

Publication year 1956

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Gender Identity, Sexual Identity, Social Class, Shame & Pride, Femininity, Mental Health, Childhood & Youth, Coming of Age, Midlife, Appearance & Reality, Daughters & Sons, Family, Mothers, Community, Education, Self Discovery

Tags Classic Fiction, Historical Fiction, Coming of Age, Modern Classic Fiction, Romance

Peyton Place is a novel depicting sensational and melodramatic events in a small New England town in the 1930s and 1940s; it was written by American novelist Grace Metalious and published in 1956. Peyton Place provoked controversy due to its depiction of taboo topics including sexuality, sexual abuse, and abortion. Nonetheless, the novel sold extremely well, and it was also adapted into successful films and television series. Metalious explores themes such as Shame and Ambivalence... Read Peyton Place Summary

Publication year 1858

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Good & Evil, Masculinity, Femininity, Coming of Age, Religion & Spirituality, Appearance & Reality

Tags Fantasy, Classic Fiction, Christian, World History, Fairy Tale & Folklore, Religion & Spirituality

Phantastes: a Faerie Romance for Men and Women (1858) by George MacDonald is an extended fairy tale in which Anodos, a youth just coming of age, enters a hauntingly beautiful fairy wood. Ever pursuing his ideal of beauty, he meets many of the inhabitants of the enchanted world, overcoming obstacles as he learns what it means to become not just a man but a good man, eventually achieving union with the divine.George MacDonald (1824-1905) was a... Read Phantastes Summary

Publication year 341

Genre Reference/Text Book, Nonfiction

Themes Appearance & Reality, Space, Order & Chaos, Science & Technology

Tags Philosophy, Science & Nature, World History

Publication year 1974

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Environment, Religion & Spirituality, Appearance & Reality

Tags Creative Nonfiction, Science & Nature, Religion & Spirituality, Philosophy, Philosophy, Classic Fiction, Biography

Pilgrim at Tinker Creek by Annie Dillard is a personal narrative describing her observations of a creek near her home in Virginia over the course of a year. Dillard, a suburban housewife, uses a first-person narrative voice to describe her walks, paying homage to a tradition of nature writing while posing large questions about the nature of God and wilderness. The author blends research into the natural world, philosophical inquiry, and poetic imagery while engaging... Read Pilgrim at Tinker Creek Summary

Publication year 1956

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Religion & Spirituality, Death, Appearance & Reality

Tags Classic Fiction, Symbolic Narrative, Existentialism, British Literature, World History, Fantasy

Pincher Martin is a novel by British author William Golding, first published in 1956. Set during World War II, it tells the story of a Royal Navy lieutenant named Christopher Hadley Martin who washes up on an inhospitable islet after his ship sinks. Though nominally a survival story, the book primarily concerns Martin’s spiritual and metaphysical journey as he struggles to maintain his sanity while awaiting rescue.This study guide refers to the 2013 edition published... Read Pincher Martin Summary

Publication year 2003

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Social Class, Appearance & Reality, Family

Tags Horror & Suspense, Historical Fiction, Action & Adventure, Natural Disaster, Mystery & Crime Fiction, Italian Literature, World History, Classical Period

Pompeii is a 2003 historical fiction novel by British author Robert Harris. The novel blends together the history of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD with a fictional plot about an engineer sent from Rome to repair the city’s aqueducts. This study guide uses an eBook version of the 2003 Ballantine Books edition. Plot SummaryMarcus Attilius Primus is a young aqueduct engineer, also known as an “aquarius.” His father and his grandfather were... Read Pompeii Summary

Publication year 2021

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Coming of Age, Death, The Past, Animals, Appearance & Reality, Family, Colonialism, Religion & Spirituality

Tags Children`s Literature, World History, Historical Fiction, Fantasy, Animals, Action & Adventure