72 pages • 2-hour read
Olga Tokarczuk, Transl. Antonia Lloyd-JonesA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide features illness, death, child death, substance use, sexual content, and mental illness.
The narrator sees Marta sitting among her dahlias. She thinks of how old age manifests in Marta and others as their lives take new shape. The narrator finds this kind of life attractive, not because of old age but because of the way in which the old ignore time. The narrator suddenly feels Marta’s thoughts push into her mind: “The most beautiful petals are the ones chewed jagged by snails. The most beautiful are the least perfect” (368).
As the narrator sits on her terrace, watching a thunderstorm approach, she realizes that she knows the world. Over time, she recognizes more and more of what is in front of her and that it now feels as though there is nothing new in the world for her to discover. This discovery makes the narrator feel as though the world is closing in around her, and she wonders why it took her so long to realize that nothing new ever happens.
The chapter ends with a recipe for Stuffed amanitas.
The couple, both evacuees from eastern Poland, met in their new village. She worked in the pharmacy, while he worked in the mine. They married two months after their first meeting, and moved into one of the empty houses and made a life together among the former residents’ belongings. Both were promoted at their jobs and were the perfect vision of a happy couple.
They did not want children, and took every precaution to ensure they didn’t. The town began to fill up, and for a brief time, they shared their home with twin sisters for a month. The sisters came from a prison-camp and told the couple that they were subjects of experiments, scientists believing they shared a soul. Despite these horrors, the twins laughed together.
Over time, the couple’s careers advanced, and they drifted apart. He began travelling around the region for work. One day, she discovered a lump in her ovary, requiring treatment, though she went alone. One day, as she sat outside, a young man approached and asked to dig her garden.
His name was Agni, and he asked to stay the night, and she agreed. That night, she was restless, and startled when Agni appeared in her room. He was there to say goodbye, planning to cross the border at night. She told him not to go, and Agni slipped into her bed. He stayed until the day before the husband returned. When the husband came home, his wife cried and told him she required more testing. He was sympathetic, but there was a space between them.
The narrator and R. are sometimes silent around each other. They go so long without speaking that when they have guests, they struggle to make conversation. While R.’s silence is “natural and innocent,” the narrator’s is “gloomy” (282). Even when they make love afterward, they are silent.
When the wife went to the hospital for more testing, the husband remained at home. He came home one day to find a young woman waiting for him. She introduced herself as Agni, saying that his wife asked her to cook for him. He found it strange but let her in. That night, he dreamed of Agni naked. The next night, when Agni returned, she and the husband made love.
Back at home waiting for her operation, the wife felt her world changing, and waited for Agni. It was almost as if he could read her mind, appearing while her husband was away at work. For the wife, her relationship with Agni was about healing, and she felt stronger the more she saw him. She grew distant from her husband, no longer attracted to him and refusing to make love. When she left for the hospital for her operation, all he could think about was Agni.
Home alone, the husband struggled with his daily responsibilities, consumed by thoughts of Agni. When she visited, he asked her questions about herself, but never believed her answers. The husband visited his wife the day after her operation, and he feared she might die, leaving him, but could not help but think of Agni. He saw a future with Agni, and knew he would leave his wife. Ironically, his wife had similar thoughts for her Agni, and even wished she would die to end this torment.
While she recovered, her husband rented a room outside their home to see Agni. They met there frequently, but when the wife returned home, Agni disappeared. For a year, the husband kept the room and drank in despair, always looking out for Agni.
His wife admitted that she was unhappy because she could no longer have children. She wanted them with Agni, but he disappeared. She often repeated his name, hoping he would appear, to no avail. Eventually, she retired from her job and spent all her time at home. Both she and her husband became consumed by longing for their respective Agnis, and grew more and more distant as the years passed. To others, they seemed a normal couple, but they no longer said “I love you” to each other. Instead, they said, “Let’s stick together,” unhappy, but unwilling to leave (299).
The wife was the first to fall ill, no longer able to cook or clean. He helped her with everything, including going to the bathroom, but she never thanked him. They continued to sleep together in the same bed, but at a distance, no longer needing the other’s warmth. Soon, she became confused, lost in time within her own mind. The next year, they both died.
The narrator and R. host people at their home for a lunar eclipse. They smoke marijuana that they planted in the spring and watch as the moon disappears for 10 seconds. In that span, with the sky darker, they see the stars as they have not before, and the narrator is awestruck.
Afterward, the narrator walks to Marta’s, surprised to find her awake. Marta protests, saying that she slept all winter, and does not need more. The narrator asks to see Marta’s basement. It is the same as the narrator’s basement, except for a box the size of Marta, filled with blankets and sheepskin. There is also a pile of potatoes, which Marta tells her is for the spring. The narrator wonders why, as potatoes are stored for the hard winter months.
The narrator considers why they did not see Marta during their first winter, imagining that she hibernates in her basement through the winter. She imagines Marta waking up slowly, waiting for her body to follow her mind. After a while, she rises, and goes upstairs to find her home damp, as though it is thawing. She boils water, warming her hands and sipping it, ridding herself of the chill. She goes outside, amazed to see the sun, but disappointed to see her garden and orchard so sparse. She sees smoke from So-and-So’s chimney, and two people she does not recognize in front of the Franz Frost’s old house.
The narrator cleans out her attic, amazed at how clothes and objects decay. She finds this change beautiful. She laments how people only want new things, attracted by youth and wary of the used and old.
The narrator thinks of the town of Nowa Ruda, its landscape, buildings, and people. She thinks of it as a patchwork town, with Silesian, Prussian, Czech, Austro-Hungarian, and Polish influences, and even though its name is derived from the German word for “new,” there is not only nothing new in the town, but the town itself rejects the new.
The founder of Nowa Ruda was a knife-maker named Tüntzel. Tüntzel was the younger of two knife-makers in his village and left for more opportunity. He packed his life up and left with his pregnant wife. After crossing the mountains, his wife went into labor in a valley. Both she and the baby died, and Tüntzel buried them in the valley.
Tüntzel refused to leave his wife and child’s grave and built a cottage. Before winter, he returned home to visit family and returned to his cottage with a new wife. Every year, they had a child, and as time went on, they built more homes. When Tüntzel was old, more people joined them and formed a village.
One day, as he walked through the forest, Tüntzel found a tree with a strange object embedded in it. When he pulled it out, he saw that it was a knife. He decided to build a church on the site of this tree. Centuries later, a teacher in Nowa Ruda requested a proposal for a monument to Tüntzel, the founder of the town. Tüntzel’s story, however, was in German and not Polish, and the Town Council ignored it.
Within the Cutlers’ belief was the notion of the Salvation Machine. This theory proposed that the sun collected light from matter and distributed it to the planets and the zodiac cycle. They believed that light was within every living being, and that the moon ferried the dead’s souls to the sun. As it waxed, growing brighter, it collected souls, and when the new moon arrived, it deposited them. When the sun collects all light, the Salvation Machine will break, as will everything else.
The narrator visits Marta, and finds her home immaculately clean. Marta gives her the wig she made for her. The narrator tries it on and loves it. She plans to wear it like a hat. Later that day, the narrator returns, but Marta is not there. The narrator suspects that she is in the basement, and though the door is not locked, she does not check.
When R. was younger, he watched the sky for clouds, seeing animals and other objects in them. As he grew older, he saw letters and symbols in the clouds as well. Eventually, there were even full equations in the sky. Now, he plans to return to this habit, using a camera to take pictures of the clouds every day, hoping to find meaning in their patterns.
The use of short chapters that alternate between different plots is one of the most important features in House of Day, House of Night. The chapters create a kind of tapestry, in which the different narratives weave together to create a larger story that unravels as the novel progresses, blurring both geographical boundaries and temporal ones to reflect Borderlands as an Ontological Condition. These chapters create connections between the present and past, such as with Chapter 82, “He and She,” Chapter 83, “Silence,” and Chapter 84, “She and He.” Chapters 82 and 84 explore the lives of the married couple visited by Agni and details the dissolution of their romance, though they remain partners. Both of these chapters are longer than most, covering a story that spans decades.
Between the story of the “he and she” couple is Chapter 83, which briefly details the growing silence between the narrator and R., demonstrating their different personalities and the intricacies of their relationship. This short chapter, which divides the larger story, offers a differing view of a relationship in which silence is not necessarily a sign of estrangement, but habit and comfort. Together, these chapters create a narrative about marriage that exists in both the past and present. The 93 chapters of House of Day, House of Night depict so many different characters at different points in history, and yet these fractured parts come together into one narrative, all connecting to this borderland. It reflects the nature of the region, fractured with different periods of history that coexist together.
Of the many instances of magical realism in House of Day, House of Night, the story of Agni is one of the more mystical, invoking The Use of Folklore to Challenge Reality. Agni appears to both a wife and husband independently, when they are alone and need a connection. Agni, however, appears to the wife as a man and to the husband as a woman. Echoing the tales of Kummernis and Paschalis, Agni exists in a space between the traditional gender binary. Agni also demonstrates mystical qualities by anticipating the desires of the wife and appearing when she wants him: “And he had a sort of instinct—he always knew when to return, as if he knew the timetable of her life, her husband’s work schedule, and could even read her mind, because whenever she was alone at home and thought of him, he would appear” (287).
To the wife, Agni appears in times of need, while the husband often searches for Agni, unable to find her: “He couldn’t fool himself—he knew he was looking for Agni among the passersby. He wondered what else she did when she wasn’t with him—if she really existed” (290). The presence of Agni to each spouse reveals the gaps in their relationship with each other, as they both search for more in the form of Agni. Agni’s presence influences the lives of both spouses, and after Agni disappears, they are left irrevocably changed, questioning if the world, and the people they know in it, are who they believed they were.
As the narrator further considers the nature of life and death, she considers how society views them and The Coexistence of the Living Alongside the Dead. She concludes that people crave life, represented by the new, always wanting what is perfect and fresh, shunning aging or death. The focus and value of life is ascribed to youth: “They like things to be younger and younger, more and more juicy, fresh and unripe; they like things that are not yet fully molded, still a bit angular, driven by a powerful spring of potential, what might still happen, always the moment before, never after” (310).
The narrator’s assertion that it is the moment before, full of potential, that people crave reveals how their view of life is limited. The narrator rejects the notion that there is only a before and after, as though the difference between life and death is a solid, unshakeable border. The devotion to the new and young represents the inability of people around her to accept death as a process, present among the living. By accepting that life and death work side-by-side, the narrator frees herself from the constrictive views of society, allowing her to challenge how she understands the world.



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