54 pages 1-hour read

Major Pettigrew's Last Stand

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2010

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Chapter 21-EpilogueChapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes depictions of suicidal ideation and graphic violence.

Chapter 21 Summary

The Major compares his romantic quest to that of Don Quixote or Sir Galahad as he navigates traffic north. He finds the street where Mrs. Ali lives and disapproves of the “obviously foreign excess” (303) in the lawn decorations of a neighbor, only to see a white woman with dyed hair emerge from the house. A pregnant woman answers the door at Mrs. Ali’s address and says she must call her father.


Her father, wearing a nametag that says “Dave,” arrives. He says that Mrs. Ali will not be attending Adbul Wahid’s wedding because there is not room enough in the car for Dave, his wife, and his mother. Dave thinks it is best for Mrs. Ali “to make a clean break with the past” (306). Dave suggests he wants Mrs. Ali to learn to be happy at home and has not welcomed her help in his shops.


Mrs. Ali enters and insists on seeing the Major. She accuses her brother-in-law, Dawid, of intercepting the letters she wrote to the Major. Dawid leaves the two to speak in a back room where his mother, an older woman, is watching TV. As the two converse, they conclude that the older woman must have taken the Major’s volume of Kipling from Mrs. Ali and returned it to the Major, which he took as a rejection. The Major says he would like to take her away from this house to a place where she can breathe. The Major takes Mrs. Ali’s hand, and the old woman, upset, calls for Dawid. Though she says it is impractical, Mrs. Ali agrees to run away.

Chapter 22 Summary

The Major calls the wife of his former commanding officer and asks to use the Colonel’s old fishing cottage, which is in Wales. The Major feels little regret at missing the shoot in Scotland. Mrs. Ali makes them a meal, and the Major tries to put the lodge in order. The Major tells her that the Colonel wanted to use this fishing cottage but is now restricted by age and disability, and he notes that “we, who can do anything, we refuse to live our dreams on the basis that they are not practical. So tell me, who is to be pitied more?” (317). The Major tries to be courteous by not making romantic advances, so Mrs. Ali suggests outright that they abandon practicalities, enjoy their dream, and make love. The Major joins her in bed.


The next morning, feeling happy and vigorous, the Major goes for a walk outside. He jokes to Mrs. Ali, who comes to join him, that he is doing some manly capering. As they drink tea, the Major is content, but he tells her, “Passion is all very well, but it wouldn’t do to spill the tea” (321).

Chapter 23 Summary

The Major feels anxious as they return to Edgecombe St. Mary. It is the day Abdul Wahid is supposed to marry Amina. Mrs. Ali confirms that she is ready to sign the shop over to Abdul Wahid. The Major is surprised to find Roger at Rose Lodge. Roger returned early from Scotland because Gertrude rejected his proposal of marriage. Gertrude had a splendid time managing things at Loch Brae, and when Frank Ferguson asked her to marry him, Gertrude accepted.


The Major is glad to think that Gertrude found a place where she belongs. However, Ferguson canceled his development plans for the Dagenham estate, since if he marries Gertrude, it will become his property. Roger says Ferguson fancies being lord of the manor, so Roger refused to sell him the Churchills and took the train south, returning to Rose Lodge because it still feels like home. The Major embraces his son and assures him that Rose Lodge will always be his home. Roger jokes about getting the solicitor to put that in writing.


There are ambulances blocking Mrs. Ali’s shop. Noreen, Amina’s aunt, emerges from the shop in bloodstained attire. She holds George, who is wearing a bandage. Noreen blames Mrs. Ali for what happened. The policeman says an old woman stabbed Amina with a knitting needle and then stabbed George. Amina, who is being taken to the hospital, asks Mrs. Ali and the Major to find Abdul Wahid, who said he was going to Mecca. The policeman asks if that is a restaurant somewhere. The Major packs his shooting bag with binoculars and a mint cake, then takes one of his guns and heads to the cliff.

Chapter 24 Summary

The Major and Mrs. Ali drive to the cliff, where a volunteer from the Suicide Emergency Corps tries to keep them away from the cliff. Another volunteer, Brian, reports seeing Abdul Wahid and his great-aunt. When Mrs. Ali questions the older lady, she says she’s doing what needs to be done, claiming, “No one remembers what it is to have honor anymore” (336). The elder Mrs. Ali describes how, when she was six, she watched her father drown her mother in the family cistern because he believed she had flirted with a visiting salesman. She accuses the younger Mrs. Ali of debauching herself, who replies that she at least has known happiness. When the old woman attacks Mrs. Ali, the Major strikes her on the head with the butt of his gun, dazing her.


Brian and the Major approach Abdul Wahid. Abdul Wahid confesses that he feels burdened with shame, and the Major says he knows what that feels like, reflecting, “I was more proud of these guns than I was of your aunt Jasmina” (341). He suggests the solution is to work to make things right. When Abdul Wahid refuses to be persuaded, the Major gives Abdul Wahid his gun and steps between him and the cliff’s edge. He insists that if Abdul Wahid wants to allow himself to fall over the cliff, he will have to shoot the Major first. Abdul Wahid wails that he cannot shoot the Major and tosses the gun aside. It discharges, shooting the Major in the thigh, and the Major falls and rolls toward the edge of the cliff.

Chapter 25 Summary

The Major wakes up in a hospital with Roger is at his bedside. Roger explains that Abdul Wahid and others grabbed the Major and kept him from falling off the cliff. Amina is in a hospital room one level above. When Mrs. Ali joins them, Roger shares the bad news that the Churchill fell over the cliff and has not been recovered. The Major expects to be devastated but instead only feels mild disappointment. He reflects that he valued the guns because he thought they made him look important. He admits that the lost gun was Bertie’s gun, and now he won’t have to be reminded that he might have cared for the gun more than his brother. Roger says they’ll have to pay Marjorie, but the Major reveals that he had both guns insured.


Amina visits the Major and shares that she doesn’t wish to marry Abdul Wahid. She wants to be a dancer, not a shopkeeper. She says George can still have a father even if they are not married. She leaves, and the Major “wondered again at how much love and grief could feel the same” (352).

Epilogue Summary

The Major watches the wedding guests assemble in the yard of Lord Dagenham’s estate. Mrs. Rasool is their wedding coordinator. Roger appears to be examining the musicians’ instruments. Grace and Daisy are both in attendance, as are Abdul Wahid and Amina. The Vicar is present, but Daisy is not. Jasmina joins him, defying convention, and they embrace. They discuss how the Rasools have plans to turn part of Lord Dagenham’s house into a hotel. As they survey their guests, Jasmina says, “They are a motley and ragged bunch […] but they are what is left when all the shallow pretense is burned away” (355). The Major offers her his arm so they might go out and be married.

Chapter 21-Epilogue Analysis

These scenes contain a giddy yet gentle sense of humor, especially when the Major stages his romantic rescue of Mrs. Ali and then performs another act of gallantry by preventing Abdul Wahid from harming himself. This intervention is a parallel to his father’s legendary story of defending the Maharajah’s wife, but now, the Major rewrites that more dramatic scene on a smaller scale, in keeping with his earlier observation that the age of great men has passed. The consequences for the Major involve the loss of one of his father’s guns: the exact opposite of his father’s reward. However, because the Major has saved a life and fulfilled the wishes of the woman he loves, he has, in his own way, maintained the Pettigrew family’s dignity and honor.


In accordance with the novel’s theme about Traditional Households and the Resistance to Change, the Major’s character arc concludes with the realization that he no longer wishes to adhere to what British culture dictates is proper, decorous, or courteous, and he no longer fears the consequences of being the target of gossip, disapproval, or ridicule. Inspired in part by Grace, he too is determined to have passion in his life. When he sees Jasmina’s circumstances, the Major realizes that this virtual domestic entrapment is precisely the traditional expectation that she wished to avoid. The humor of his romantic escapade is enhanced by the Major’s comparing himself to Don Quixote, the 17th-century novel by Miguel de Cervantes, whose hero is known for harboring ideals that seem antiquated to his own time. The scene also contains allusions to Galahad, one of the knights of Arthurian legend, who was known for his pursuit of the Holy Grail and whose story is told in Sir Thomas Malory’s Le Morte d’Arthur or The Death of Arthur (1485). The comparison is yet another example illustrating the Major’s sense that his contemporary culture lacks grandeur, but his feelings for Mrs. Ali are nonetheless sincere and fully reciprocated.


The Major’s experience of the Ali family’s disapproval is a unique experience for him and shows that cultural prejudice can flow in several different directions. Her family resists the idea of him as a partner for Mrs. Ali just as the elder Mrs. Ali disapproves of Amina as an acceptable partner for Abdul Wahid. The older woman’s attack stands as a violent example of the rigid adherence to antiquated notions of family honor, but to her, this violence is justified: a matter of honor eradicating shame. This is one of the events that helps the Major to understand that his own pride in his father’s reputedly honorable actions might be misplaced. He comes to realize that he can either champion white racism like Daisy and her ilk, or he can actively work to resist and protect the woman he loves. In short, the Major sets aside his fear of ridicule and his notions of family legacy to pursue authentic love and passion. This inner shift is a triumph for the romantic storyline and a blow against the limiting beliefs that would prohibit him and Mrs. Ali from pursuing a romance together. His choice flies in the face of his customary reticence as well, and he finally honors the pursuit of individual happiness and personal fulfillment as a worthy goal. Mrs. Ali has been caught in The Tension Between Family Obligations and Personal Fulfillment from the beginning, and when the Major takes the side of personal fulfillment, he is demonstrating his loyalty to her.


Amina’s choice not to marry Abdul Wahid so she might pursue her passion for dancing, Gertrude’s choice to marry Ferguson so she might be the mistress of both his and the Dagenham estate, and even Grace’s refusal of the Major’s proposal are all confirmations that following one’s heart is superior to complying with the dictates of convention or propriety. Roger’s example suggests that prioritizing social advancement over relationships leads to heartbreak and disappointment.


The Major’s realization that people matter more than honor or image is reinforced by his response to the loss of Bertie’s gun. When the catastrophe he feared comes to pass, the Major realizes that the real tragedy was that he might have let his attachments to the guns—and the prestige he imagined the paired set would bring him—come between him and his brother. Accepting the loss of Bertie’s gun is the gesture that affirms that the Major is ready to focus on what he finds truly important, which provides the novel with its happy ending, confirmed by the marriage.

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