35 pages • 1-hour read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Upon going home with the Brickers, Socks starts the process of forming new relationships with Bill, Marilyn, and, later, Charles William. Through the exploration of these forming relationships, the novel explores the strife and growth required for bonds to be made, especially when new relationships emerge. Initially, Socks is the only creature the Brickers care for. As a result, they dote on Socks and give him everything he wants, which results in Socks taking the attention and love for granted. With the arrival of Charles William, Socks’s relationship with Bill and Marilyn becomes strained by the couple’s responsibility to their new son. Rather than the focus of their attention, Socks becomes an afterthought, which triggers feelings of neglect for Socks. Since he is unable to communicate his feelings to the Brickers in a way they understand, Socks acts out by stealing food and biting, hoping such actions will win back the attention he craves. These actions only drive a deeper wedge between Socks and the Brickers, which is later fixed when Old Taylor wounds Socks. Realizing Socks needs help breaks the barrier between Socks and the Brickers. Bill and Marilyn offer Socks attention and love because he needs it and, as the Brickers realize, they never stopped caring about the cat. Following the incident with Old Taylor, Socks is brought back into the center of the family.
While Socks and the Brickers establish caring and love as central influences on how relationships develop, Socks and Charles William highlight the importance of learning to share and work as a team. When the Brickers first bring Charles William home in Chapter 2, Socks is annoyed because this new creature seems to have usurped Socks’s position in the household, particularly by taking up space on Bill’s lap. Upon closer examination, Socks realizes he and the baby can both fit on Bill’s lap, and though Socks doesn’t want to share, he accepts the situation because “half a lap was better than none” (37). This attitude dominates Socks’s interactions with Charles William moving forward as the cat continuously tries to divide Bill and Marilyn’s attention, only to be thwarted. The Brickers’ care following Socks’s confrontation with Old Taylor shifts Socks’s relationship with Charles William. Since the Brickers are paying attention to Socks, Charles William also pays attention to Socks, which triggers the teamwork between the cat and baby in the final chapter. Barricaded in the bedroom with Charles William, Socks realizes how much he and the baby have in common and that they can work together to achieve outcomes they both want—namely, having fun. As a result, Socks starts to care for Charles William, which highlights that learning to work together is another path toward meaningful relationship development.
In addition to relationships, Socks also explores how the characters adapt when presented with situations they’ve never faced before. Through the Brickers adjusting to parenthood and Socks’s character arc, the novel shows the necessity of adapting to move forward. From the moment Bill and Marilyn bring Charles William home, their lives are upended in ways they never considered before. As seen when they first feed Charles William a bottle, the couple believes feeding the baby will be simple, only to realize it’s not. The Brickers grow distressed until Charles William finally burps, and this situation sets up a pattern that persists throughout the novel. Whenever the Brickers encounter a new parenting circumstance, they are initially overcome with uncertainty as they flounder through deciding what to do. This comes to a head in Chapter 5 when Socks bites Marilyn. By this point, the Brickers have trained themselves to make decisions that both benefit Charles William and minimize their emotional distress. Though they’ve never had a problem with Socks before, they move the cat out of the house because it seems like the best way to keep Charles William safe. When Socks is later wounded, the Brickers realize they acted in haste. Their concern for Charles William, coupled with their new-parent exhaustion, means they didn’t adapt well to caring for both a cat and a baby. When they invite Socks back into the house and make it clear he is just as much a part of the family, Socks and Charles William become fast friends, which shows how adapting reduces stress and facilitates healthy relationships.
While Bill and Marilyn symbolize the importance of thoughtful adaptation, Socks exemplifies the emotional factors present in learning to adapt. Charles William’s arrival in the house immediately changes Socks’s life as the Brickers give the baby the attention Socks used to receive. Initially, Socks reacts to this by becoming despondent, eating more, and being less active. This prompts the Brickers to pay attention to him for reasons he doesn’t like—namely, giving him less food. Socks adapts to this change by acting out, such as in Chapter 4 when he steals Charles William’s Brown Bear. Rather than the reaction Socks wants—getting his food back—Marilyn calls him a bad cat, to which Socks thinks, “Couldn’t she see he was not bad? He was hungry” (65). Since Marilyn does not see this, Socks continues to adapt as best he can by begging at the neighbors’ houses. As with Bill and Marilyn’s parenting choices, Socks’s failure to adapt comes to a head in Chapter 5 when he is so hungry and starved for attention that he bites Marilyn in a desperate attempt to make things how they used to be. Socks’s failure to do so represents how he cannot go back—only forward. This realization makes him seek help from the Brickers when he is injured, figuring they cared for him once and might again. This works because Socks is too hurt to force change. Instead, he realizes he needs help, and his success in getting it makes him understand that adapting means accepting new situations, not trying to change them.
At its core, Socks is a story about its titular character’s quest for belonging. Through the differences between the sitter and Nana, as well as the novel’s ending, Socks explores how a desire for or lack of belonging drives decisions and behavior. After weeks of feeling neglected by the Brickers, the sitter is a breath of fresh air for Socks. Rather than paying attention to Charles William and ignoring Socks, the sitter keeps Charles William busy with distractions such as the tape and offers Socks the attention he desperately craved. As a result, Socks doesn’t overeat for the first time in a long time, and he isn’t upset when he doesn’t get Charles William’s leftover formula because all the attention meant he “no longer had an empty feeling in his middle” (80). This demonstrates that the root cause of Socks’s poor behavior and physical hunger is feelings of neglect. This is also shown by Nana’s presence in Chapter 5. From the beginning, it’s clear Nana doesn’t approve of Socks’s being around Charles William, and Nana’s passive-aggressive attitude toward Socks makes Socks even more desperate for loving attention. Socks bites Marilyn in this chapter—his worst show of poor behavior—because Nana makes Socks feel even less wanted. The difference between Socks’s behaviors and thoughts from Chapters 4 to 5 reveals the influence attention and caring have on him. When Socks feels loved, he doesn’t act out because he isn’t trying to get attention. However, when Socks feels ignored, his desperation drives him to do things he wouldn’t normally do.
While the sitter and Nana highlight how the attitudes of others influence Socks’s thoughts and behaviors, the novel’s ending reveals how achieving belonging changes opinions on a larger scale. In Chapter 5, Nana continuously insists that it’s unsafe to have Socks in the house because the cat poses a threat to Charles William. At first, the Brickers don’t believe this because they have never had a problem with Socks. However, Socks biting Marilyn makes the Brickers wonder if Nana is right. As a result, they push Socks away, which causes a rift that disrupts feelings belonging to both the Brickers and Socks. When the Brickers let Socks back into the house in Chapter 6, they partly heal this rift, but Marilyn’s insistence on being present when Socks is with Charles William undermines their acceptance somewhat. Marilyn still fears Socks will lash out because she doesn’t understand that Socks only ever wanted to belong. Chapter 7 brings Charles William and Socks together. While it does so at Marilyn’s expense, the bond the cat and baby form forces Marilyn to realize that Socks poses no threat to Charles William. Even more, the belonging Socks finds with Charles William allows Marilyn to understand that Socks will defend Charles William, not hurt him. Socks’s new sense of belonging changes Marilyn’s mind about Socks’s relationship with Charles William, representing how belonging begets acceptance.



Unlock every key theme and why it matters
Get in-depth breakdowns of the book’s main ideas and how they connect and evolve.