68 pages • 2-hour read
R. F. KuangA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Daji, Yin Riga, and Jiang Ziya—the three powerful shamans known as the Trifecta—have just murdered Tseveri—a Ketreyid who gave them information on how to make an anchor bond. An anchor bond fully melds the mind of a shaman with that of another individual to keep them lucid and stable. It also bonds their lives together so that the death of one leads to the death of another. After they become bonded, Daji experiences Jiang’s fear and Riga’s hunger for power.
Rin is on her first solo command mission for the Southern Coalition, to liberate the city of Khudla from Mugen occupation. Rin recently had her right hand amputated. She can use her powers but can’t swordfight.
Rin’s forces begin to attack. She is moved by the Mugenese fighters’ youth but reminds herself to think of them as non-human. Rin contemplates who decides who gets to be human, but banishes these thoughts to kill them. The last Mugenese troops take six hostages into a temple. Officer Shen says they are not “important” hostages, so Rin burns everyone inside the temple.
Rin and her close friend and fellow shaman Kitay look through the wreckage for rebel leader Yang Souji. Souji shows her around the town. Souji wants to know why Rin doesn’t destroy the Federation on the mainland the way she did on the Longbow Island. She claims it’s because of the collateral damage, but really, it’s because her link to Kitay only allows her to use small bursts of power without hurting him.
Rin smokes opium to sleep. She sees Altan in her dream. She replays her atrocities, allowing herself to feel guilt in the dreamspace. Souji has 500 men in his Iron Wolves, but they don’t want to fight for Rin. She takes him into the forest to threaten him until he complies. Souji tells her that the Federation’s forces are located in Southern Rooster Province, including her home of Tikany.
At Ruijin in Monkey Province, Rine meets with Gurubai, the only Southern Warlord to escape Arlong. She’s frustrated that he won’t give her more command power, but she knows that while she is a figurehead of the Southern Coalition, their real allegiance is to him. She gets a letter from Sring Venka, who is spying in Sinegard: Hesperia and Vaisra continue to ignore the Southern Coalition and decimate the remains of the Empire’s militia in the north.
Rin visits the dying bandit chief Ma Lien and poisons him. At a meeting of the Southern Coalition leadership, Rin uses her intel from Souji to try to convince them to march south to defeat the Mugenese. In the middle of the meeting, they get news that Ma Lien has died. Zhuden, the council member who gave Rin the poison, supports Rin taking his place, overpowering Gurubai. Zhuden and Souji pledge their men to Rin’s southward expansion.
Souji tells Rin and Kitay that they’re approaching the battle like a war between armies, while liberation demands “small-scale tactics and deception” (73). He shows her his guerilla tactics and explains why they are more effective than her Sinegard ones. She’s chastened when Souji’s men neatly defeat a Federation patrol with these tactics, and when they are eating better than her soldiers due to the local food they foraged, none of which Rin and Kitay knew was edible.
In the two weeks it takes to approach Leiyang in Rooster Province, Souji teaches Rin and Kitay what he knows about deception and guerrilla tactics, which all prove effective.
At Souji’s insistence, Souji and Rin disguise themselves as beggars and meet with Chief Lien. Rin is shocked to see that while the town is occupied and controlled by the Mugenese, the Nikara walk around free.
Chief Lien tells them to leave, but when he sees that Rin’s power is real, he decides to cooperate. When Rin returns to her tent, she sees a missive penned by her foster brother Kesegi and sealed with the House of Yin’s emblem. Kesegi writes that Nezha wants to see Rin alone in New City. If she arrives alone, he’ll free Kesegi, but if she arrives with an army, he’ll behead him. Rin is shaken to learn that Nezha knows exactly where she is. The rest of the letter is in Nezha’s handwriting, telling Rin that he knows that Hesperia wants to control the country, and he won’t let it happen. He wants them to band together again.
Kitay thinks that Nezha knows that, as a shaman, he is incompatible with the Hesperian worldview. Rin decides that Kesegi’s life isn’t worth her rebellion. After careful planning, they are about to ambush the Mugenese when Souji realizes that the Mugenese have been tipped off and have taken the town hostage. As Rin considers what to do, civilians start fighting from inside, using their numbers to overwhelm the Mugenese, causing many casualties. Realizing that the civilians are willing to die to liberate the village, Rin burns indiscriminately. She realizes the South can win the war not with tactics but with overwhelming numbers.
Though Rin is a battle-hardened soldier, she is also a young, 20-year-old girl saddled with tremendous power and the responsibility that comes with it. Because Gurubai asks for Rin’s help, she expects that he will “treat her not as a weapon but as an ally. That he’d put her in charge” (55). This quotation shows that The Corrupting Influence of Power is already at work in Rin: She believes that her power qualifies her to amass even more power, no matter how that power is applied. Gurubai’s advice to Rin is not ultimately unreasonable. He tells her that her “supreme talent for burning things does not qualify [her] to be a commander” and she should “[g]ive [her]self space to learn” (55). This suggestion reads to Rin as “condescension.” People do often condescend to Rin and believe they can manipulate her due to her age and gender, and her reaction to Gurubai’s mentorship is conditioned by these previous experiences. Here as elsewhere, the novel presents conundrum to its audience that has no clear right answer and no clear heroes and villains.
Conflicts like this introduce the question of why Rin wants to liberate the South and be its leader. She admits to herself that she “left the south at the first chance she got” (56). She compares herself to Gurubai, who “symbolized the very identity of the south” (56). Gurubai has a history of sacrificing for the South, leading them, and ensuring their safety. His investment in the South is clear and personal, while Rin’s is less distinct. Kitay accuses her of being “too flamboyant, of sacrificing efficiency for attention” (18). Rin’s desire to create a spectacle that elicits awe often takes priority over saving lives. Her callousness illustrates The Dehumanizing Effects of War, as the violence all around her leads her to ignore—often willfully—the humanity of those she harms in her quest to repel her land’s oppressors. This dehumanization is apparent, for example, when she burns Mugenese and their Nikara captives together in a barn, not caring if her people die as long as the enemy die with them.
Rin willfully banishes empathy and compassion from her mind. She realizes that the Mugenese left over on the mainland are boys with “gangly limbs and fuzzy upper lips” (15) who miss their home. To excuse her wartime atrocities, Rin trains herself to think in black and white: “Every Mugenese soldier who’d ever put on a uniform was complicit” (16). She adopts absolutist thinking to alleviate her guilt about killing boys who are not too different from herself, positioning them in her mind as guilty by association with the Mugenese government who experimented on and killed Speerlies.
Rin does not apply the same logic to herself. She sees all Mugenese as complicit in the Speerly genocide and thus worthy of vengeance. Yet she, too, committed a genocide on Mugen’s Longbow Island. She is remorseless about committing the same type of atrocity that compels her vengeance. Not only does Rin not regret this, but she wishes she could do it again on the mainland “the way one might raze a field of blighted crops, with no regard for the collateral damage” (38). This comparison of human beings to “blighted crops” further illustrates the dehumanization that enables wartime atrocities. What stops Rin is not the potential loss of Southerners, but the threat to Kitay’s life and thus to herself due to their anchor bond. This brings up questions the novel leaves unanswered about what types of wartime violence are justified, and under what circumstances.
Souji thinks Rin’s showy, fiery style is more about settling her scores than about her claimed goal of liberating the South. He says that liberation is about “small-scale tactics and deception” (73) and getting “permission” and cooperation from local power structures. Rin thinks the South needs to “bury [their enemies] with their bodies […] drown them in their blood” (109), sacrificing mass casualties to overwhelm their enemies. This debate about the “correct way” to liberate a populace remains unsettled through the novel. Previously, Rin detested Daji and Vaisra for the callous way they treated their civilians as expendable pawns in their greater quest for power. Now, like with her genocidal violence against the Mugenese, Rin perpetuates those same actions but sees them as justified because she’s the one doing them.



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