64 pages 2-hour read

The Ritual

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2011

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Part 1, Prologue-Chapter 15Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section includes discussion of graphic murders and violence.

Part 1: “Beneath the Remains”

Part 1, Prologue Summary

Four friends, Hutch, Phil, Dom, and Luke, are hiking in ancient Scandinavian forests. The second day of their vacation, after taking a shortcut, they see a dead creature mutilated and suspended high up in a tree. Phil and Dom wonder what it is and why it is in the tree.

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary: “Four Hours Earlier”

On the first day of their hike, Dom twists his knee and Phil’s feet become covered in blisters. They are too uncomfortable to enjoy the scenery far from cities and people.


Halfway through the second day, Hutch tells everyone to take a break and internally becomes angry at his two injured friends for setting an uncomfortably slow pace. Luke and Hutch step aside, look at the map, and discuss how their friends aren’t physically fit enough to continue along the planned route. Hutch convinces Luke to not voice his anger at their friends and vaguely hints that Dom and Phil are having problems at home.


Hutch points out an alternate route heading through virgin forest toward a river and tourist huts in Skaite. Luke is hesitant about leaving marked trails, but Hutch assures him they are only traveling briefly through a narrow band of untouched forest.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary: “Four Hours, Twenty Minutes Later”

After seeing the mutilated creature hung in the trees, the men run through the forest. When they stop in a clearing, Luke gives Hutch a cigarette and hypothesizes that a hunter or bear could have killed and suspended the animal. Dom swears at Hutch, condemning the shortcut. Hutch assures him that they will be out of the forest soon. They joke about meeting “Swedish beauties” (13) at the river.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary

The men don’t find the river, and Hutch thinks about how they are lost. They had to travel where the forest was thinnest, and this took them in the wrong direction. Hutch considers backtracking, but doesn’t want to pass by the dead animal in the tree again. He encourages the others to keep going toward the river. Dom complains about his knee pain.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary

The four men are led further in the wrong direction by the obstacles in the forest. Internally, Hutch is concerned because he can’t find a clearing to pitch their tents. Eventually, the men find a trail leading to a house. Since they are wet from the constant rain, they decide to go inside.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary

Luke doesn’t want to go into the house, but Phil says he’s not sleeping outside. Hutch notices the chimney on the house and agrees with Phil about going inside to get warm. Dom insists he can’t walk further on his bad knee.


Luke is angry at Phil and Dom for being so out of shape. Hutch calms down Luke. Luke and Dom trade insults, and Hutch intervenes again to calm them down. Luke thinks back on when the four of them planned the trip at Hutch’s wedding six months ago, as well as how they’ve grown apart during the 15 years that they have been friends.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary

Pausing outside the house, Luke feels like there is something wrong with it. He hears a crash in the woods and asks Hutch if he hears it too. Hutch only hears thunder. Dom comments on the evil Christian paraphernalia in the house as Luke enters.

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary

Luke sees skulls, crosses, and mice in the house. Hutch finds tools in another room. Dom sits on a stool and asks Hutch to help him with his shoes and give him a painkiller for his knee. Luke asks the other men about the crash in the woods, and Dom thinks Luke is joking. Hutch works on getting the stove open with his knife, and Luke thinks about how Phil lost his knife on the first day of their hike. Phil goes upstairs while commenting on how the crosses are creepy.

Part 1, Chapter 8 Summary

Phil comes running back downstairs and says there is something upstairs in a bed. Hutch tells Luke to get out his knife so they can investigate. Dom and Phil go out on the porch. Phil says the thing in the bed was black and sitting up. Hutch says they can’t go back out in the thunder and lightning, and Luke says Hutch should lead the ways upstairs.

Part 1, Chapter 9 Summary

Luke follows Hutch upstairs while thinking about how they shouldn’t be in the house. Hutch sees something and says it is all wrong. Luke reluctantly looks inside the attic where Hutch is looking.

Part 1, Chapter 10 Summary

A dark figure sits in a wooden casket. It has horns, hooves, and hands. Hutch notices animal bones all around the casket, as well as runes carved into the roof. Then, he slowly walks toward the casket and says the creature is a stuffed goat with human hands stitched onto it. When Hutch starts to talk about caskets that double as benches when their lids are on, Dom starts calling for him downstairs. Before they leave the attic, Hutch takes a picture of the goat.

Part 1, Chapter 11 Summary

The men eat and drink Jack Daniels. Phil applies antiseptic to his feet and Dom props up his knee on Hutch’s rucksack. They feed the fire with furniture and crosses. Above the fire, on a tent rope, they suspend their wet things to dry. Dom takes the crucifixes they haven’t burned and skulls off the walls. Luke thinks about how Dom hasn’t mentioned his wife, Gayle, during their trip and how he drinks heavily. Then, Luke thinks about Phil’s wife, Michelle, who has psychological problems. Both Dom and Phil have children and well-paying jobs. Luke doesn’t make much money, and recalls sleeping with Michelle before she and Phil got together.


Hutch is physically active and the most well-prepared for the trip. However, Luke notices that Hutch is troubled despite projecting good spirits for the others. As the men joke about the horrors they’ve seen to lighten the mood, Luke feels affection for his friends again. Luke voices his concerns about the forest being darker than others he has visited. Hutch, who is well-traveled, agrees that this forest is unique. Phil urinates in the side room with the tools, and Dom urinates in the same place after Phil, which upsets Luke.


Dom falls asleep quickly, and Phil appears to be sleeping. Hutch admits to Luke that he isn’t sure what to do. Luke wonders if the goat figure is a representation of the creature that mutilated and suspended the animal in the tree. Phil mentions he can hear Luke. Hutch says that they are losing touch with reality in the forest. Luke says he’s decided he never wants a cabin in the woods. Hutch tells Luke to get some sleep.

Part 1, Chapter 12 Summary

Luke dreams of being suspended by sticks. A horned creature approaches, and Luke closes his eyes in the dream. He can hear the creature growl and yip. Luke screams. He can feel the gross breath of the creature around him. When Luke wakes up, the other men aren’t in their sleeping bags next to him. He hears someone crying upstairs.

Part 1, Chapter 13 Summary

Hutch dreams of a horned creature, cries, and urinates on himself while sleepwalking. Luke finds Hutch in the attic, kneeling before the stuffed goat with human hands, and wakes him up. The two men look for their friends.

Part 1, Chapter 14 Summary

Luke and Hutch find Dom outside in his underwear, kneeling and crying while asleep. When Hutch wakes up Dom, he says that the creature is going to put them in the trees.

Part 1, Chapter 15 Summary

The men find Phil in the larder, naked and covered in urine. His arms are raised. Hutch wakes up Phil, who whimpers. Dom covers Phil with a coat and Phil sobs. Hutch says they need to leave the house. It is early in the morning.

Part 1, Prologue-Chapter 15 Analysis

In the first two sections of The Ritual, Nevill alternates between two perspectives, those of Hutch and Luke. While occupying these points of view, Nevill consistently uses the limited third person (he/him pronouns). However, when these characters dream in Chapters 12 and 13, Nevill switches to the second person (you/your). This grammatical choice illustrates a divide between the waking world and the dream world; Luke and Hutch don’t have a clear sense of self in their nightmares. The second person also invites the reader into the dream sequences, attempting to give them the feeling that they are part of the story. The dual perspectives are somewhat misleading, as Luke lives until the end of the novel, but Hutch is the first of the four men to die. In the Prologue, Nevill names the characters in the order that they die later in the book: Hutch, Phil, and Dom die in that order.


The four friends, who have known each other since college, hike through Scandinavian forests. Their goal, at the beginning, is to take a shortcut to Stora Lulealven River and Skaite in Sweden because Dom and Phil are injured. Hutch claims that “This short cut will halve the distance” (10). However, leaving the trail and venturing into ancient virgin forests is what leads to three of the men being killed. The Prologue is in medias res, highlighting the first gruesome animal corpse in a tree. Chapter 1 is set four hours before the Prologue and Chapter 2 takes place 20 minutes after the Prologue. Only Chapters 1 and 2 have titles, which are times to indicate how the plot catches up to itself.


Hutch and Luke are foils to one another in how they manage their anger, developing the theme of The Complicated Nature of Anger. Hutch internalizes his anger and panic, putting on a brave and positive face for Phil and Dom, who are less experienced at outdoor activities than he is. When Hutch expresses his anger to Luke, he regrets it; he “realized in this moment of weakness, he was probably only encouraging a similar tirade he’d sensed in Luke” (7). Hutch doesn’t want to encourage Luke’s excessive and unmanaged anger. Luke is angry at the world, but this anger switches “to himself and against his own poisonous thoughts” (22). He is not safe from his own anger. Thus, in these early chapters, Luke’s anger appears to be more of a problem than a useful survival mechanism, although this will gradually shift later in the narrative.


One reason why Luke is angry at himself is because he hasn’t achieved the goals that society deems appropriate for men his age, which introduces the theme of Masculinity In and Out of Civilization. Luke believes that Dom, Phil, and Hutch are successful because they have wives, children, and well-paying careers. Luke, meanwhile, has hopped from job to job and relationship to relationship; he works a low-paying job at a CD store, which limits where he can go on vacation. Dom and Phil resent Luke for forcing them into camping because he can’t afford to stay in fancy accommodations. What Luke doesn’t know is that Dom and Phil’s lives are falling apart. Hutch only hints at this to Luke in this section: “There’s some trouble at both mills, if you follow” (9). Hutch is the only one of his friend group to have a happy marriage and life, which suggests that the gender roles and societal pressures placed upon men can often create conflicts instead of fulfillment.


However, Hutch’s happiness and wilderness experience are no match for The Clash Between Modernity and Ancient Beliefs. One early encounter that foreshadows the atavistic power in the woods is the mutilated animal corpse suspended in a tree in the Prologue. The creature that rules the ancient forest uses this corpse to terrorize the men. It works with its environment: “The forest was leading them” (15) toward this corpse, and then toward the black house where they have their nightmares. In the house’s attic, the creature is represented in a small figure that combines animal and human parts. Hutch guesses that the attic is, “Some kind of temple. Effigy and sacrifice. I reckon it’s supposed to be the Goat of Mendes” (40). The creature and its representation are most similar to the occult goat-human figure of Baphomet. This ancient evil has power in the vast untouched natural world, not in civilization.


Lastly, Nevill introduces two key symbols in this section: runes and crosses. When the men enter the black house, they see many crosses. Phil says, “You’d think they’d make you feel safe. But they don’t” (31). This foreshadows the inverted crucifixes that appear as tattoos and literal constructions later in the novel. There are also runes inscribed in the attic: “Cut deep into the wood were childlike symbols and circles, like on the rune stones they had seen in Gammelstad” (39). The mixture of Christian and pagan elements is also developed later in the novel. Hutch notes that the mixed symbolism is “Mixing metaphors. Lunacy. Swedish lunacy” (40). Christianity is often associated with society and civilization, while paganism represents life in times when people lived more fully embedded in nature. Mixing the two leads to pain and death later in the novel, reinforcing the sense of a clash between modernity and ancient beliefs.

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