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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of illness, physical abuse, and ableism.
In her author’s note, Brittney Arena reveals that Vasalie’s chronic pain is inspired by her own mid-twenties diagnoses of several complex illnesses, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS), myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and dysautonomia. These conditions manifest in a wide range of debilitating symptoms. POTS is a blood circulation disorder characterized by a rapid increase in heart rate upon standing, leading to dizziness, brain fog, and severe fatigue. MCAS is an immune condition causing symptoms like hives, trouble breathing, and stomach issues. EDS is a group of inherited disorders affecting connective tissues, resulting in joint hypermobility, fragile skin, and chronic pain. ME/CFS causes extreme exhaustion that worsens with physical or mental activity and isn’t improved by rest.
Arena channels the physical limitations and unseen struggles of these conditions into Vasalie. After her imprisonment, Vasalie’s physician diagnoses her with muscle and nerve damage and an unidentifiable heart syndrome with unpredictable triggers. Her body, once a source of strength, becomes a site of constant pain, mirroring the author’s own experience. Arena’s motivation to portray a heroine dealing with chronic pain arose from a single question: “We often read about powerful heroines wielding mighty swords, but where were the ones who struggled to function, let alone fight?” (xi). In this context, Vasalie is shown to fight for survival while living with physical constraints. Even though the novel has supernatural elements, there is no magical “healing” for Vasalie, portraying an authentic representation of disability.
Historically, fantasy literature has often relied on able-bodied heroes, with disability appearing as a temporary obstacle, a moral failing, or a problem to be solved by magical cures. This connects to cultural stereotypes that can erase the lived experiences of individuals with disabilities. However, a contemporary cultural movement, amplified by conversations around authentic representation in media, has pushed for more subtle and realistic portrayals. In Six of Crows (2015) by Leigh Bardugo, the protagonist, Kaz Brekker, deals with physical limitations and walks with a cane; the portrayal was informed by Bardugo’s own diagnosis of osteonecrosis. In Joe Abercrombie’s First Law series (beginning with The Blade Itself [2006]), one of the main characters, San dan Glotka, deals with extreme pain and mobility issues ever since his prolonged torture. These heroic and fantasy contexts often show the characters battling danger or strain, illustrating that heroism isn’t only a function of physical prowess.
A Dance of Lies is part of this shift, deliberately subverting the archetype of the physically dominant warrior heroine. Vasalie doesn’t overcome her physical limitations; she adapts to them. Her chronic pain, dizziness, and fatigue are central to her character. This approach directly challenges a common and often criticized trope known as “disability erasure,” in which a character’s disability is magically healed, suggesting that it’s an undesirable state to be fixed rather than an integral part of an identity. By making Vasalie’s condition chronic and focusing on her adaptation, the novel rejects this trope, offering a narrative that aligns with the push for more empowering disability representation in modern fiction.



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