The anonymous narrator of the hymn who seeks a radical life transformation. Operating within a non-denominational Christian framework, the Speaker views their past as unstable and physically dangerous. Through newfound faith, they secure a promise of eternal peace and protection against an unpredictable world.

The Christian deity who provides unconditional forgiveness and eternal stability. God acts as a contractual partner to the Speaker, offering physical safety and a permanent home in heaven in exchange for unwavering belief. This entity remains a permanent, unshakable force in an otherwise volatile world.

A sailor for the Royal Navy who deserts his crew and subsequently enters the transatlantic slave trade. After surviving a severe storm at sea in 1748, he gradually converts to Christianity. He eventually becomes an Anglican priest, writes accessible hymns for his congregation, and publicly denounces his early involvement in slavery.

An English poet who befriends Newton in 1767. He collaborates with Newton to create accessible religious poetry, resulting in the 1779 publication of the *Olney Hymns* collection.

A prominent trader operating in the transatlantic slave network. He and his romantic partner subject Newton to abuse and torment during their brief professional association.