65 pages • 2-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of graphic violence, sexual violence, sexual content, child death, illness, death, physical abuse, child sexual abuse, ableism, suicidal ideation, and rape.
A woman named Ilinaya finishes her shift at the car assembly plant and goes to Basarov’s restaurant, where she moonlights as a sex worker. Having recently contracted a sexually transmitted infection, she can no longer find local clients, so she targets travelers who will be far away before realizing they are infected. She needs money for treatment and to bribe officials for permission to return to Leningrad to be with her family. Lately, she has been eyeing the money Basarov hides in his chimney.
At the restaurant, she sits with a man around 40 who silently shows her a gold nugget shaped like a tooth. Despite her unease, she accepts it. He leads her to a railway maintenance cabin, where he strikes her face with a metal object. She escapes and runs along the railway tracks. A freight train approaches; she runs toward it, intending to die by suicide but throws herself clear at the last second. Her attacker has jumped as well, and they struggle in the woods. She stabs him with a stolen chisel, wounding his head and hand. As they continue to scuffle, he suddenly releases her, staring at something beside them: the naked, savaged body of a young blonde girl, her mouth stuffed with dirt. He vomits as Ilinaya runs back to the station.
At 4:00 am, three armed MGB officers wake Leo and Raisa and give them one hour to pack. During their three weeks of house arrest, Stalin died, causing a political crisis that delayed decisions on their case. Now, they are taken to the train station, where Vasili explains the situation: Leo has been reassigned to the militia as an entry-level officer. Recognizing this as a light punishment, Leo speculates that Major Kuzmin wanted to avoid the embarrassment of prosecuting his protégé. Vasili also goads Raisa about Leo having her followed twice.
On the train, Leo apologizes. Raisa responds coldly, recalling her friend Zoya’s arrest and connecting it to men like Leo. She reveals that she overheard the conversation at his parents’ apartment about denouncing her and made up the pregnancy in response: “Three lives weighed against one? It’s hard to argue with those numbers. But what about three lives against two?” (161). Leo asks if she has ever loved him. She kneels and ties her shoelace without answering.
Varlam Babinich, 17, sits in a crowded dormitory at a state facility for children with developmental, cognitive, or mental disabilities, guarding his collection of yellow objects—including a baby he stole because it was wrapped in a yellow blanket, the result of a childhood obsession with catching the sun.
General Nesterov of the Voualsk militia and six armed members arrive at the filthy, overcrowded facility. Finding Varlam clutching the baby, Nesterov offers a deal: the baby for the blanket. Varlam agrees, and the child is taken to the hospital. As Varlam rearranges his collection, Nesterov picks up a yellow military manual and shakes it. A lock of blonde hair falls out.
On the train, Raisa and Leo brood separately. Raisa is incredulous that Leo is suddenly concerned with her feelings for him. She married Leo only for survival and resents him all the more after weeks of worrying about whether he would denounce her: “She was sick of the powerlessness, the dependency upon his goodwill. Yet now he seemed to be under the impression that she was in his debt. He’d stated the obvious: she wasn’t an international spy, she was a secondary school teacher” (171). Leo, meanwhile, is shaken by Raisa’s obvious contempt.
Approaching Voualsk, Leo reflects that Vasili likely chose the posting for its irony, as Leo once vetted workers for transfer there. General Nesterov meets them at the station and drives them to Basarov’s restaurant, where they are shown to a filthy room with nailed-shut windows. Leo senses that Nesterov suspects him of being an undercover MGB agent. Later, at the telephone exchange, Vasili informs Leo that his parents have been moved to a crowded apartment and his father forced back to work. When Leo objects, Vasili demands that he beg. Leo complies desperately, but Vasili hangs up.
Leo spends the night wandering and then sits and cries on a park bench, realizing that Vasili will torment his parents to break him. Raisa has waited up, understanding that Leo regrets having saved her. When he enters the restaurant drunk and disheveled, he grabs her neck and begins choking her. She smashes a glass against his face and runs upstairs. Almost immediately, Leo is overwhelmed by shame over his actions.
Later, at militia headquarters, Nesterov gives Leo a file containing photographs of a murdered girl—her body naked and savaged, her mouth stuffed with soil. The details shock Leo: They are identical to the description of Fyodor’s son Arkady’s death, which he had dismissed.
Leo grapples with his role in covering up Arkady’s murder. Nesterov explains that the body of the girl, 14-year-old Larisa Petrova, was found four days ago and that her parents agreed to keep the murder secret, ashamed that their daughter had been sleeping with men. Nesterov also tells Leo that they have identified a suspect: Varlam Babinich. When Leo interviews Varlam, Varlam confesses that he wanted Larisa’s blonde hair but grows confused when asked about the soil in her mouth. Outside the cell, Nesterov attributes the crime to Varlam’s disability, which Leo recognizes as a deflection—a way of explaining the murder in a way that does not reflect on the Soviet state. He also recognizes that the investigation is closed.
At the apartment, Leo finds Raisa and her case gone. After bribing Basarov for information, he runs to the station and spots her on the platform as the train approaches. He confesses that he saved her because “[his] family is the only part of [his] life that [he is] not ashamed of” (195). Raisa moves toward the train but halts at his plea. She says that she married him out of fear, but that when he choked her, she ceased to see staying with him as the safer option. She lays down new terms: truth and equality. He promises never to frighten her again.
Raisa returns to the apartment, but Leo lingers at the station to think. Recognizing a nearby hut as the scene of the murder, he begins to look around. Aleksandr, the ticket officer, notices this and reveals that a sex worker named Ilinaya found the body; at the time, she was with (and had been beaten by) a party official whose name Aleksandr is afraid to reveal. Leo examines the crime scene, puzzled by the frozen ground.
Leo reviews the autopsy notes on Larisa; these claim that she was raped and speculate that the soil served as a gag. Given the frozen ground, however, Leo realizes that the murderer must have brought the soil with him, which seems a “cumbersome means to silence someone” (200). He decides to visit Hospital 379, where the body is being stored. There, a doctor named Tyapkin agrees to help on condition of anonymity. In the morgue, Tyapkin reveals that Larisa’s stomach was cut out and is missing—absent from the official report. Moreover, there is no evidence of rape; Larisa’s injuries are confined to the digestive organs. The cuts are confident and targeted, though they lack surgical experience. Leo also notices string tied around her ankle, which shows evidence of rope burn.
Nesterov appears and accuses Leo of being MGB. In an effort to justify himself, he says that Mikoyan, a party official, was released without charge; Leo insists that he has no idea who Mikoyan is, though he guesses it must be the man who beat Ilinaya. Nesterov reiterates that Varlam killed the girl, but Leo states that he did not. Nesterov threatens to kill Leo if he undermines his authority.
Raisa discovers that the nails have been pried from their window and realizes that Leo has snuck out, furious at the risks he is taking. She reflects on a memory from the war: When she was 17, she watched from a tree as the Russian army shelled her own village into oblivion as a precautionary measure, stripping her of home, family, and attachments and honing her survival instinct.
Convinced that they are under surveillance and that Leo’s actions violate their pact of equality, Raisa climbs out the window to follow him.
The actions of the Voualsk militia develop the theme of State Ideology as an Obstacle to Justice, showing the pressure to maintain the illusion of a utopian society even away from Moscow’s gaze. General Nesterov’s arrest of Varlam Babinich exploits an ideological loophole; because of his disability, his actions can be dismissed as an “anomaly” with no bearing on society as a whole. As Leo recognizes, “Varlam was outside of Soviet society, outside of Communism, politics” (192). In threatening Leo with death if he continues investigating, Nesterov further clarifies that he is choosing a manufactured narrative over genuine inquiry. Once again, the novel depicts a totalitarian system that forces law enforcement to protect the state’s image at the direct expense of its citizens.
Already disillusioned with being an enforcer of state ideology, Leo shifts fully into the role of illicit investigator with his unauthorized examination of Larisa’s body and subsequent search of the crime scene. The methodical violence of the crime, including the excision of the girl’s stomach and the soil stuffed in her mouth, not only perfectly matches the suppressed circumstances of Arkady Andreev’s death but also implies calculation and stealth. Most telling of all is the string tied around the girl’s ankle, which recalls the snare used to trap the cat in the Prologue and thus foreshadows the killer’s identity. As Leo pieces together the killer’s rituals, his investigation begins to mirror the behavior of the murderer; his clandestine pursuit outside Soviet law parallels the predator’s methods. This dynamic continues to associate survival with the motif of hunting and trapping, as Leo must track a brutal killer while simultaneously evading the lethal scrutiny of his own government.
The pressures of this oppressive environment warp private lives in ways that only become fully clear now that Leo has been stripped of his MGB authority. The loss of this institutional power frees Raisa to reveal that she fabricated her pregnancy and married Leo entirely out of fear: “What you took for seduction, I took for surveillance” (197). This confession reveals a partnership built, from her perspective, on self-preservation. Now, with the threat of state reprisal removed, it becomes clear just how thoroughly this threat structured their marriage. Raisa bitterly reflects:
If she’d answered truthfully—No, I’ve never loved you—all of the sudden he would’ve been the victim, the implication being that their marriage had been a trick played on him by her. […] But since when had love been part of the arrangement? He’d never asked her about it before (170).
This clarification that Raisa did not intentionally mislead him suggests how thoroughly self-interest permeates interpersonal relationships in this environment; it never occurred to her that he would view their relationship as anything but transactional. Nevertheless, Leo’s reaction to his loss of control is visceral; shortly after their arrival, he chokes Raisa until she fights him off with broken glass. The sudden shift to physical violence further emphasizes The Perversion of Love and Trust in a Police State: The coercion of the surveillance state infiltrates the home even in the absence of official authority.
Raisa’s characterization expands upon the theme of The Cycle of State-Sponsored Trauma and Violence. Watching the destruction of her hometown—a precautionary measure to prevent resources from falling to the Germans—stripped Raisa of her attachments and honed a ruthless survival instinct. Her capacity to endure a loveless marriage to an MGB agent stems from this moment, as her memory of it underscores: “[T]he lessons her parents had taught her about love and affection, the lessons a child learns from watching and listening and living around two people in love, were pushed to the back of her mind” (211). Having learned that loyalty and affection are liabilities in a totalitarian regime, she approaches connection with extreme pragmatism. Through Raisa’s backstory, the text illustrates how systemic violence traumatizes and numbs a generation, forcing individuals to sever emotional ties simply to survive a world that treats civilian lives as disposable.



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