The fundamental idea that underlies almost every aspect of this novel is the wonder experienced as a result of first love, exemplified by the growing feelings between Park and Eleanor. Over the span of several chapters, the two go from being complete strangers sitting next to each other on a school bus to being inseparable and each other’s respective first loves. Romance is so new to them that the idea of merely holding hands causes butterflies in their stomachs. The novel takes the two main characters through the joy and wonder of first love and follows their relationship trajectory until it ends. Although the end of their relationship is heartbreaking for both teenagers, the novel also highlights the bittersweetness of that end, following the experience of first love through to its conclusion. In doing so, it realistically represents both the wonder and the reality of first love. 

The novel charts this development from the first moment they meet. Their relationship develops along the lines of a conventional “enemies to lovers” trope, as Park offers Eleanor a seat out of kindness but initially regrets it when he sees that she is a target for bullies. Although this situation initially sets them against each other, it quickly becomes a point of connection between them as they ally themselves against the bullies, reasoning that they are stronger together. This initial dynamic, in which they act as support for each other, establishes the foundation of their relationship; throughout the novel, they continue to act as each other’s main support both in school and at home. By beginning their relationship on these terms, the novel highlights that their relationship isn’t just a superficial dating situation; instead, it is a love built on friendship and support.

Though the end of their relationship is sudden, even the way Eleanor and Park are separated confirms the depth of their first love. Park helps Eleanor reach a safe place, even though it is far away and means the end of their relationship. He tries to maintain the connection between them, and although it takes time for Eleanor to feel comfortable communicating, the end of the novel, in which she finally reaches out, offers the hope of a continuing connection between them. Throughout Eleanor and Park, the narrative emphasizes the depth of their connection and its roots in friendship and support, establishing their relationship as a true first love that offers them both a model for future relationships.