Rachel is a thoughtful, imaginative girl who views aging as a collection of years stacked inside a person like wooden nesting dolls. Though she possesses a rich inner life and complex thoughts, she struggles to articulate herself aloud to adults. In her classroom, she feels disempowered and deeply fears social stigma, particularly when confronted with an ugly red sweater she does not own.

Mrs. Price is a middle-aged teacher who commands unquestioned authority over her students. She is stubborn and impatient, prioritizing her own assumptions over the fumbling protests of a young student. Her quick judgment reveals implicit bias and a lack of compassion for the children under her care.

Comprising her mother, father, and unnamed others, Rachel's family represents a traditional and supportive household. Her mother bakes cakes while her father works, providing a stable foundation. Though physically absent from the school setting, they exist in Rachel's mind as a crucial source of emotional strength.

Sylvia is a classmate who quickly aligns herself with adult authority. When the teacher searches for the owner of a grubby sweater, Sylvia points the finger at Rachel. The protagonist views this action as malicious and rooted in personal dislike.

Phyllis is a student in Mrs. Price's class. She is connected to the raggedy red sweater but fails to speak up when the teacher first asks. Her silence contributes heavily to Rachel's distress, leading the protagonist to view her with intense frustration.