How Late It Was, How Late

James Kelman

51 pages 1-hour read

James Kelman

How Late It Was, How Late

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1994

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

Sammy is a 38-year-old working-class man living in Glasgow who experiences sudden, total sight loss following a violent altercation with the police. Deeply cynical about authority figures and bureaucratic systems, he prefers to handle his challenges independently. He uses a makeshift walking stick crafted from a severed mop head to make his way through the city, often masking his immense vulnerability with profanity and aggression.

Key Relationships

Boyfriend of Helen

Father of Peter

Reluctant client of Ally

Neighbor of Boab

Friend of Charlie Barr

Cellmate of Davie

Acquaintance of Tam

Helen is Sammy's girlfriend, a bartender at Quinn's bar who goes missing following a serious argument about Sammy's criminal past. She is a divorced mother who lost custody of her own children. Her prolonged, unexplained absence creates a profound sense of instability for Sammy, as she represents his primary source of tenderness and companionship.

Key Relationships

Girlfriend of Sammy Samuels

Father's girlfriend to Peter

Ally is a defense lawyer and former convict who specializes in representing working-class individuals against the state. He understands the legal system from the inside out and speaks the same Glaswegian dialect as his clients. He attempts to help Sammy secure compensation for his sight loss by organizing evidence, though his persistent approach clashes violently with Sammy's paranoia.

Key Relationships

Legal representative of Sammy Samuels

Instructor to Peter

Peter is Sammy's 15-year-old son from a previous marriage. He displays a deep loyalty to his father despite Sammy's criminal history and chaotic lifestyle. Reversing traditional family dynamics, Peter offers his own personal savings to assist his father and expresses a desire to run away with him.

Key Relationships

Friend of Keith

Boyfriend's son to Helen

Supporting Characters

Boab is Sammy's next-door neighbor in their apartment building. He casually obliges Sammy's requests for tools and materials, providing a saw and helping him dig through cupboards to locate white gloss paint so Sammy can create his makeshift walking stick.

Key Relationships

Neighbor of Sammy Samuels

Neighbor of Helen

Keith is a school friend of Peter who assists in taking photographs of Sammy's injuries for what he believes is an insurance claim. He willingly participates in Sammy's secretive plans, bringing youthful energy to a tense situation.

Key Relationships

Friend of Peter

Helper to Sammy Samuels

Charlie is a friend of Sammy who is suspected by the authorities of being a violent political dissident and Scottish nationalist. The police use his association with Sammy as leverage during their questioning.

Key Relationships

Friend of Sammy Samuels

Davie is a man detained in the same police cell as Sammy. Because of the intense pressure from the authorities, Sammy views him with deep suspicion and worries he might be an undercover informant placed there to extract a confession.

Key Relationships

Cellmate of Sammy Samuels

Tam is an acquaintance of Sammy from the local drinking circuit. He holds intense resentment toward Sammy because the police recently entered his home and interrogated his wife as part of their investigation into Sammy's activities.

Key Relationships

Angry acquaintance of Sammy Samuels

Alex is a drinking partner who buys Sammy a pint at the pub but noticeably avoids delivering it personally. This avoidance fuels Sammy's feelings of alienation and demonstrates how the community is distancing itself from him.

Key Relationships

Drinking partner of Sammy Samuels

Herbie is a drinking buddy who interacts directly with Sammy when he visits the local pub following his sight loss, offering a small moment of normal socialization.

Key Relationships

Drinking buddy of Sammy Samuels

Jackie is a figure from Sammy's past who involved him in an illegal gambling operation. This association ultimately resulted in Sammy serving an eleven-year prison sentence.

Key Relationships

Former associate of Sammy Samuels

The Leg is an old drinking buddy from Sammy's past. When Sammy contemplates fleeing Glasgow for a fresh start, he considers looking up former acquaintances like The Leg.

Key Relationships

Former drinking buddy of Sammy Samuels