53 pages • 1-hour read
Haruki Murakami, Transl. Philip Gabriel, Transl. Ted GoossenA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Cats are a trope in many of Murakami’s novels and short stories. He uses them frequently, not only to explore the absurdity of everyday life but also to act as guides to various characters. In Men Without Women, cats act as a symbol of guidance from unknown forces. In “Kino,” Kino opens his bar and soon finds that a cat moves in. When Kafuku, the narrator of “Drive My Car,” visits Kino’s bar, he sees the cat and immediately makes a connection between it and Kino: “The bartender was a quiet man of about forty, and a skinny gray cat was curled up on a display shelf in a corner of the room. It appeared to be an alley cat that had moved in for the time being” (31). The impression the cat makes is that of a companion to Kino. Kafuku sees it as belonging to the bar and senses that the cat recently moved in, though only for a short period of time.
This relationship between Kino and the cat is further explored in “Kino.” Kino sees the cat as bringing luck to him, its appearance marking the start of an uptick in his business: “The cat may have brought some good luck along with it, for after it appeared so did a scattering of customers. Some of them started to come by regularly—ones who took a liking to this little backstreet bar with its […] gray cat sacked out in a corner” (154). The cat acts as a guardian and guide for Kino. The cat brings him good luck, but also acts as a warning. When the cat disappears, snakes arrive, coinciding with Kino’s journey away from his bar to finally heal. The cat is a companion that helps Kino make sense of the world around him, even if the cat cannot explicitly communicate with him.
Music is also heavily featured in Murakami’s work, stemming from his own love of jazz. In the stories of this collection, music acts as a motif that reflects The Conflicting Nature of Memory After Loss. The characters of these stories often foster a strong connection with music, as it elicits different responses in them. In “Yesterday,” the narrator reflects on his relationship with an old friend, Kitaru, and his involvement in his friend’s love life. So much of this story revolves around Kitaru’s translation of the Beatles’ song, “Yesterday.” Now, when the narrator considers this time and the song, he finds a connection between the music and his memory: “It feels as though these things happened just yesterday. Music has that power to revive memories, sometimes so intensely that they hurt” (75).
The narrator’s relationship with music is one that brings up deep memories and provides them with a vibrancy that replicates the emotions of the time, even if they are painful. In “Kino,” Kino recognizes the power of music and uses it to influence his own emotions as he sifts through memories: “All he wished for was some music. Teddy Wilson, Vic Dickenson, Buck Clayton—sometimes he longed desperately to listen to their old-time jazz […] He wanted to feel the pure joy they had in performing, their wonderful optimism” (178). As Kino explores the pain of his wife and coworker’s betrayal, he desperately wishes for music he knows will bring him joy. He wants to combat painful memories with the optimism he hears in the jazz. In both cases, music has a way of interacting with memories in ways that the characters cannot control.
In the story “Kino,” snakes play an important role in the life of Kino. The snakes begin appearing around the willow tree outside his bar as his business slows down, and the alley cat disappears. Kino believes they are a bad omen. These snakes symbolize The Relationship Between Masculinity and Emotional Unavailability, as they capture Kino’s own inability to fully process the end of his marriage and the damage it does to him. Kino sees three snakes, each one more unsettling than the next. The third and final one he sees scares him: “It was also under the willow tree in the front yard […] Kino knew nothing about snakes, but this one struck him as the most dangerous. It looked poisonous” (170-71). Kino believes the snake is a threat.
When he asks his aunt, who he rents the space for his bar from, if she has ever seen any snakes there, she suggests that snakes represent ambiguity: “In ancient legends, they often help guide people […] when a snake leads you, you don’t know whether it’s taking you in a good direction or a bad one. In most cases, it’s a combination of good and evil” (171). The snakes act as an ambiguous guide, toeing the line between good and evil, reflecting the ways Kino struggles to process his emotions. The longer he refuses to feel anything, the more damage he does to himself and to his heart. The snakes’ increasingly dangerous appearances signal Kino’s worsening condition and reflect the suggestion that Kino take a trip. The snakes, though ominous, do lead Kino in a good direction, and Kino’s wariness of them reflects how masculinity can make it difficult for men to push past their fears to process their emotions.



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