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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of religious discrimination, racism, death, graphic violence, illness, and sexual violence.
The events of None Left to Tell unfold during the Utah War (1857-1858), a tense standoff between Mormon settlers in Utah Territory and the U.S. federal government. The conflict arose from a collision of authorities: President James Buchanan, alarmed by reports of theocratic rule in Utah and Mormon defiance of federal officials, dispatched roughly 2,500 troops to install a non-Mormon governor in place of then-governor and president of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints, Brigham Young, and to reassert federal supremacy over the territory. Buchanan’s aims were to curb polygamy and theocracy, and to demonstrate federal power in the western territories. For Young and the Mormons, the approaching army represented an existential threat, the latest chapter in decades of persecution that had driven them from Missouri and Illinois; their aim was to preserve religious autonomy and communal survival at all costs.
Fearing invasion, Brigham Young declared martial law in September 1857, mobilizing the local militia, the Nauvoo Legion, and fueling a climate of intense paranoia. This war hysteria is palpable in the novel, as Mormon characters like Lucy Robison are galvanized by sermons warning that the U.S. Army is coming to “exterminate us” (41), echoing their past persecution. This tense atmosphere provides the important backdrop for the Mountain Meadows Massacre.
On September 11, 1857, members of the Nauvoo Legion, with some Southern Paiute recruits, slaughtered approximately 120 members of the Baker-Fancher wagon train. The novel fictionalizes this event, depicting the emigrants’ five-day siege and their murder after a false surrender. The initial hostility toward the emigrants was intensified by a local tragedy: The sudden death of cattle and a boy named Proctor Robison. In the novel, this is blamed on the travelers, with a character claiming they “laid poison on the steers” (36). Historians, however, suggest the cause was a natural outbreak of cattle anthrax or locoweed poisoning, phenomena poorly understood at the time. The novel thus illustrates how a combination of war hysteria and misinterpreted natural events could be weaponized to justify mass violence.
For over a century after the Mountain Meadows Massacre, the dominant narrative, promoted by perpetrators and church leaders, blamed Southern Paiute people for the atrocity. This historical cover-up is a key element in None Left to Tell, where Mormon leaders conspire to make the attack look like the work of Indians and scapegoat characters like Kahpeputz (Sally). The novel arrives amid a broader, ongoing reckoning within the Latter-Day Saints (LDS) Church over harms committed in its name, including those that extend well beyond Mountain Meadows.
In recent decades, the Church has faced sustained public scrutiny over its historical practice of polygamy and the coercion of young women into plural marriage, its longstanding priesthood and temple ban on Black members (rescinded only in 1978), its role in mid-20th-century Indigenous child placement programs that removed Indigenous children from their families, its treatment of LGBTQ+ people, and, more recently, revelations of mishandled sexual abuse disclosures within local congregations (Rezendes, Michael, & Dearen, Jason. “Recordings show how Mormon church kept child sex abuse claims secret.” PBS, 4 Dec. 2023). Each of these reckonings has followed a similar arc: institutional denial or minimization, the labor of dissenting historians and survivors to force the record open, and, eventually, partial official acknowledgment. A key early example within this arc was the 1950 publication of The Mountain Meadows Massacre by Mormon historian Juanita Brooks, one of the first within the faith to meticulously document the culpability of local Mormon leaders, challenging the long-held narrative and facing ostracism for her work (Watkins, Naomi. “Juanita Brooks, Famed Utah & Mormon Historian. 1898-1989.” Utah Women’s History). Her courage mirrors the author’s stated purpose for writing the novel, noting that the story has been perpetuated and hidden by the perpetrators’ descendants.
This long-term effort to confront the past culminated in 2007, the 150th anniversary of the massacre, when The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued an official statement. In it, Elder Henry B. Eyring expressed “profound regret for the massacre” and stated that “responsibility for the massacre lies with local leaders of The Church” (Hill, Greg. “Expressing regret for 1857 massacre.” Church News, 15 Sept. 2007). The statement also offered “a separate expression of regret” to the Paiute people for having “unjustly borne for too long the principal blame.” Situated within this wider pattern of institutional reckoning with racial, sexual, and cultural harm, the novel functions as part of a broader generational effort by members, descendants, and critics alike to hold the Church accountable to the fullness of its past.



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