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Anita Harwood gives advice to her daughter, Julie. Winnie, still only 11, tries to mimic her sisterâs indifference, as she admires her sister greatly. Julieâs fiancĂŠe, Bruce, recently abandoned her. Jim (Anitaâs husband but not Julieâs biological father) arrives home. Frustrated, Anita insists that if Julie does not stop crying about the failed wedding, Anita will go âright through the roofâ (183). Winnie, in an effort at peacekeeping, offers to make pancakes.
Julie finally consents to shower, but the family soon hears her crying, the shower separated from the hallway by nothing more than a thin curtain. Jim makes Julie a pancake in the shape of the letter âJâ (âa J for my jewelâ (186), he tells her), and Winnie wonders what happened to the wedding rings. Winnie recalls the day of the would-be wedding: Bruce had arrived at their little home and called it off, and in the aftermath, Winnie had sat on the steps in her bridesmaid dress. Uncle Kyle had brought sleeping pills, effectively putting her devastated sister and mother to sleep.
Jim has spent years building a large boat in the cellar; Winnie wonders how it will fit out of the cellar door, even though Jim claims he has measured carefully. On the day of the canceled wedding, Anita wrote to Bruce and threatened to shoot him if she saw him again. Winnie notices that other people think her mother has a mental illness. When Winnie is alone with her big sister, Julie says that the disaster is âall about [âŚ] sexâ (190) and advises Winnie to âalways lie to Momâ (190). Bruce did not want to break up with Julie; he just wanted to try living together without getting married. If Julie returned to Bruce, Anita threatened to kick her out of the house.
Anita tries to come up with activities for her heartbroken daughter, but nothing can entice Julie. The phone rings twice, Winnie answering both times. First, itâs Jim. Then, itâs Bruce. Anita enters as Winnie answers the phone the second call; Winnie hangs up quickly and lies about the callerâs identity. As Winnie sits by the shore with her big sister, though, Winnie tells Julie that Bruce called and that he was probably calling from Moodyâs store, which is nearby. The sisters hear gunshots.
In the driveway, they find Anita holding the rifle. She shot at Bruce as his car arrived, and he drove away. The gun misfires while Anita is still holding it, and Julie runs into the house, screaming. Uncle Kyle talks Anita into taking a pill and going to sleep. Jim and Julie agree that Bruce is not the type to press charges.
Julie speaks to Bruce, who confirms he wonât press charges, but he does believe that Anita has a mental illness. Julie explains to Winnie that ânot everyone lives like thisâ (194). She says that Anita will not allow the family to move from the small house and recalls Olive Kitteridge at her school. Winnie goes with her family to church, but Julie stays home.
When Winnie arrives home, she finds a note from Julie on her pillow, asking her to âmake them think Iâm out taking a walkâ (197); in reality, Julie has gone to catch a bus to Boston to be with Bruce. Winnie keeps the secret and helps her mother peel potatoes. When asked, Winnie even suggests that Julie is out for a walk and offers to look for her. The phone rings; it is Uncle Kyle, who has spotted Julie at the bus stop.
Anita tears apart Julieâs room and finds the note to Winnie, who understands that âsomething had changed for good, something more than Julieâs running awayâ (198). Uncle Kyle helps Anita sleep, and Winnie and Jim sit around all afternoon listening to the rain. After a while, Jim offers to make pancakes. Winnie does not want pancakes, but she accepts anyway.
In May, Olive Kitteridge travels to New York for the first time to visit Christopher, who has remarried. Ann, his new wife, has two children from prior relationships and is pregnant with Christopherâs child; Olive has been âsummoned to helpâ (201). Everyone in Crosby told her that the trip would be good for her. When she arrives at the airport, Christopher seems furious because he has had to wait, partly because Olive refuses to get a cellphone. In the car, Christopher finally asks after Henry and instructs Olive not to refer to his son, Theodore, as âTeddy.â
At the house, the children are playing in the cramped concrete garden to the rear. Olive meets Ann for the first time; Ann has a âstomach huge and hardâ (205) and embraces Olive. Theodore cries a lot, and the baby, Annabelle, splashes water in a small plastic pool. From above comes the sound of a parrot reciting Christian exclamationsâthe fundamentalist Christian renting the apartment owns the parrot and has trained it to respond that way whenever someone swears.
The family eats quickly, but Olive is not hungry. Afterward, Olive lays down in the basement and calls the nursing home. Asking to speak to her husband, she explains everything to a nonresponsive Henry. Later, she steps out to find Ann smoking a cigarette and drinking a beer despite being pregnant; Olive struggles to make sense of this woman, who in several ways is a reflection of herself. They sit together while Christopher reads to Theodore, and then, as Christopher joins them in the garden, Ann departs, leaving Olive and Christopher in silence. Eventually, they make small talk about the tenant. His name is OâCaseyâjust like someone Olive once knew.
Olive remembers Jim OâCasey from Crosby; they met at a town meeting. She remembers the way he looked at her. By the next year, they worked together at the school. Every morning, Jim drove both Olive and Christopher to the school. Over lunch, he would ask her whether she would leave Henry to be with him. Olive, emphatically, would say yes. However, they ânever kissed, nor even touchedâ (213). Then, the phone call came in the night: Jim had driven off the road and into a tree. He died, and Olive was forced to cope with her profound grief in private. Christopher jokes about his tenant being related to Jim OâCasey and admits that he never liked Jim. Nonetheless, Olive sleeps well that night.
The next morning, Theodore cries about juice boxes and refuses to be taken to school by Olive, who takes the family dog to the park instead. There, she meets a man who she assumes is one of Christopherâs friends. Olive feels the man is being vulgar, talking about Christopherâs private business. The manâs dog eats an old dead pigeon, causing a commotion, and Olive leaves. Spotting a parrot on the manâs shoulder, though, she realizes on the way home that the man is the religious tenant from upstairs. She believes that Christopher should not be living in the city because âhe was not a fighterâ (218).
At home, she discusses the tenant with Christopher, who reveals to her that Annâs mother has an alcohol addiction. Olive asks her son whether he worries about another terrorist attack. Christopher says no, but he shares his racist beliefs about a local Pakistani shopkeeper, who has since returned to Pakistan.
The days pass. Despite the strangeness, Olive appreciates being with her son. On the third day, she watches the baby. For a moment, Olive forgets about Annabelle; when she rushes back, her attempts to help result in the baby crying. Ann arrives, laughing and offering assistance, and reveals that it is her and Christopherâs wedding anniversary. Olive refrains from complaining about no one telling her about the wedding and congratulates Ann. The couple met in a âsingles group for divorced peopleâ (222), Ann reveals, and they liked the group so much that when the therapist moved to New York, Christopher and Ann followed. Olive decides to âaccept all thisâ (223) and, later, phones Henry and tells him everything.
Olive joins the family for ice cream. She and Christopher walk home side by side and argue about what Henry would have ordered. When they arrive home, though, Olive sees that she has spilled ice cream on her top, and no one mentioned it. She is repulsed, fearing that she has become pathetic.
The next morning, Olive announces that she is returning home. She tries to keep her anger in check, her anxiety mounting as she thinks that Christopher has certainly talked about her with his therapist. Christopher loses his patience and simply offers to call a car service for his mother. She accuses him of kicking her out; Christopher points out that âyou say you want to leave, then accuse me of kicking you outâ (229). Christopher then calms himself and begins to share what he seems to have learned in therapy. Olive can make people feel terrible, he explains, and she inflicted this on his father in particular. Ann tries to bring Christopherâs accusation to a halt, but he shakes his head; Olive starts to cry. She shouts at Christopher with âmore and more furyâ (230), until she is hardly aware of what she is saying. Christopher remains calm throughout. The car service arrives.
At the airport, Olive has to wait in a long line. As she waits, Christopherâs accusations filter through her mind. She was the scariest teacher in school, he told her, and today, a social worker would be called on her âif a kid showed up that wayâ (232). Olive, still emotionally raw, refuses to take off her shoes for the security checks, upset at the thought of exposing her âshredded panty hoseâ (232). Security comes and leads Olive away. She goes willingly.
Rebecca Brown is not âthe type of person who stole thingsâ (233). However, charmed by a story in a magazine, she took the magazine with her from a doctorâs office. In the back of the magazine, she finds an advertisement for a shirt and resolves to buy it for David, her current boyfriend. She spends a long time talking to the saleswoman who takes her order for the shirt on the phone, her tendency to talk too much on display.
Rebecca comes âfrom a line of Congregational ministersâ (237). Her mother left to become an actress in California when Rebecca was young; her father raised her. Occasionally, her mother sent postcards; one explained that she had joined the Church of Scientology. Though Rebecca wrote to her mother often, she never received a reply. Growing up, Rebecca first studied Scientology. Then, as her wish for her mother diminished, she studied books âabout being a ministerâs wifeâ (238), following all the advice she finds. When she left for college, Rebecca worried about her father and told people that her mother was dead. During her fatherâs funeral, she begins to have âthoughts she knew couldnât be naturalâ (239). When she prays, she insults her mother and apologizes to her father.
Rebecca shows David a job ad for a dental assistant; she has struggled to find work. David tries to make her feel better, giving her advice about how to interview. After they have sex, as usual, David falls asleep while Rebecca lays awake. On this occasion, she gets out of bed and goes to the kitchen to listen to the noise from outside. In the morning, David flexes and admires his muscles; Rebecca recalls that vanity is a sin. She remembers how her math teacher, Mrs. Kitteridge, had offered to talk âabout anythingâ (242) with her, but Rebecca had not taken her teacher up on the offer.
Even though it was only Rebecca and her father, her father never allowed talking at the dinner table. Rebecca now has an almost uncontrollable urge to talk constantly. She phones and tries to change the shirt size, but it is too late, as the shirt has already been shipped. She talks to the same woman on the phone and discusses her need to find a job.
In college, Rebecca dated a pianist named Jace. She fell in love with him, but he broke up with her; around the same time, her father first told her about his heart condition.
Rebecca does not get the job as the dental assistant, thinking that she âprobably talked too muchâ (246) in the interview. Eventually, she gets a job âtyping traffic reports for a fat man who scowled and never said pleaseâ (246). After a few weeks, she becomes so bored with it she thinks she will quit. The shirt arrives: It is beautiful, but it is a shirt Jace would wear, not David, so she returns it. In the doctorâs office the next day, she searches âfor something to stealâ (247). She complains to the doctor about her stomach hurting, but he seems irritated with her. On the way out, Rebecca steals a vase from the waiting room.
Rebecca and David sit at home, watching television and talking about shoplifting when they were children. Rebecca never didânot because she thought it was wrong, but because she worried that someone would catch her. Reflecting, she becomes concerned that all the butter-soaked food she cooked her father may have caused his heart problems: âI bet legally that makes me some kind of criminalâ (249), she says. David, only half-listening, tells her not to worry.
Beneath her window, Rebecca sees police cars gather. The cops arrest a man. The cars leave, and the kitchen is dark once again. She takes postcards from her mother, the magazine she stole, and the shirt she ordered for David and places them in a bag. She exits the house with two cigarette lighters, repeating the Miranda warning to herself as a mantra, thinking that âit would be worth the arrest if they put it like thatâ (250).
Olive Kitteridge almost backs her car into Jack Kennison in the library parking lot. He is âa tall man with a big belly, slouching shoulders, andâin her mindâa kind of arrogant furtiveness in the way he held his head thrust forward and didnât look at peopleâ (251). Jack attended Harvard and âlet everyone knowâ (251), which always disgusted Henry. With his wife, Jack retires in Crosby. Jackâs daughter is gay, and Jack disapproves; Henry condemns this attitude, though Olive notes that Henry develops paralysis before Christopher remarries and dies before Christopherâs baby is born. This timing, Olive believes, means that Henry âhad never been testedâ (252).
Now alone, Olive does the same thing every day. She goes to Dunkinâ Donuts early and walks six miles along the river: âLet it be quickâ (253), she thinks, as she considers her own mortality. One day, she finds Jack Kennison collapsed on the path; concerned, she rouses him. She offers to fetch help, but he asks her not to leave him alone. When Olive insists that he see a doctor, Jack says that he does not care if he dies. Olive helps him to his feet; Jack explains that he fainted while sitting on the bench. They sit for a while on the bench together, and Olive notices that Jack is crying. He explains that his wife died in December. Olive tells him, âThen, youâre in hellâ (255)âhe agrees.
Olive goes to the doctor with Jack and sits in the waiting room feeling âperfectly comfortableâ (255). She reads a magazine but cannot stand to look at pictures of George W. Bush. After, she drives Jack back to his car and follows him home. He invites her in for lunch, but she refuses and leaves, later telling a friend that she plans to call Jack to check up on him. Their conversation is brief.
A week later, Olive has come to realize how invigorated she felt during her time with Jack. Everything she has tried since Henry died has been a failure. One morning, while walking, she sees Jack again. They briefly speak, and though Olive continues her walk alone, she thinks of Jack. When she gets home, she telephones him and invites him for lunch. He proposes dinner instead, and Olive accepts.
Olive bristles at her friendâs teasing (âOlive, youâve got a dateâ [259]), but Oliveâs mood nonetheless continues to improve. Olive invites Christopher and his baby to visit in the summer, and while they talk, Olive tells Christopher about her dinner plans with Jack. When Olive reports her friendâs teasing, her son says to think of the dinner as âvolunteer work or somethingâ (260). Olive agrees.
Olive meets Jack at the Painted Rudder; she is not impressed by his drink order (vodka and tonic), but talking with him is âkind of niceâ (260). They meet for lunch the next week, and after, she invites him to her house.
The couple spends increasingly more time together. Jack kisses Olive on the cheek and then even on the lips, but Olive does not tell anyone, as itâs nobody elseâs business. While picturing Jack embracing her, she also criticizes Jack for being âafraid to be aloneâ (262). Bad weather keeps Olive in the house, and she does not speak to Jack for five days. She talks with Christopher, who asks her about her date; Olive calls Jack a nitwit and refuses to admit that it was a date. Christopher has to go, but then, âlike a rainbowâ (263), Jack calls. They arrange to meet the next day.
As Olive and Jack walk together, Olive agrees to ârest whenever you want to restâ (263). They begin to talk about Jackâs daughter and her âalternative lifestyleâ (264). Olive is adamant that she would not mind if her son was gay, but Jack argues that she is being sentimental. As the conversation shifts into politics, Olive begins to fume about the fact that âwe have a cowboy for a presidentâ (265). When Olive realizes Jack voted for the âcowboy-president,â reacting with horror to the news that he is Republican, Jack jokes that she is prejudiced against âwhite men with moneyâ (266). Olive storms off.
Later, when Olive tells her friend about Jackâs politics, her friend merely laughs. Olive tells Christopher, too, who at least agrees that itâs âgross.â However, as Christopher starts to hint again at Oliveâs problematic behavior, the call acrimoniously ends as Olive hangs up.
For two weeks, Jack doesnât call. Olive stops speaking to people. Then, after waking alone in the middle of the night, Olive caves and sends Jack an email, asking bluntly whether his daughter hates him: âYes,â he responds. Two days later, Olive emails back that her son hates her, too. They bond over their shared pain. Olive goes to walk the dog and, when she returns, there is another message from Jack, this time inviting her over to his house.
Olive goes. There is no answer when she knocks, but she enters anyway. Jack invites her to lay beside him on the bed, and he admits that he is scared. Olive halts herself before she admonishes him. Instead, she sits down beside him and looks into his eyes, seeing in them âthe vulnerability, the invitation, the fearâ (269). Feeling his heartbeat in his chest, she feels desire. She remembers Henry with some regret. However, as she closes her eyes, the waves of gratitude and regret washing over her, Olive gains a moment of apparent peace: âIt baffled her, the world. She did not want to leave it yetâ (270).
The 11th chapter, âSecurity,â is aptly titled, serving as the dark night of the soul in Oliveâs heroâs journey, which is internal rather than external. In other words, the chapter marks a failure in her progress, however incremental, toward self-reflection; on facing her first substantial challenge to her perceived reality, Olive retreats to what feels safe, that is, her old perception of reality. Regarding the theme How Perspective Shapes Reality, the chapter is a powerful reminder of how difficult and terrifying stepping outside oneâs perspective can be, almost akin to stepping outside oneâs reality.
The above chapter is bookended on either side by chapters that, while only mentioning Olive at a glance, remind the reader of Oliveâs force of will and capacity for empathy. The 10th chapter, âShip in a Bottle,â is actually told from Winnie Harwoodâs perspective; though the story chiefly concerns her older sisterâs life, it is ultimately about Winnie. The conclusion sets the stage for Oliveâs clash with her sonâs perspective in the next chapter. On multiple levels, everyone is stuckâWinnie, her father, the boat. Regarding her father, Winnie âdidnât think heâd be going anywhereâ (199). The boat seems unlikely to fit through the door. In the aftermath of Julie escaping, Winnie and her father seem quietly stunned: âDidnât plan on things working out like thisâ (199), her father observes, looking out at the rain. These characters, trapped by Anita, the mother, echo Oliveâs own entrapment, albeit to her perspective.
The 12th chapter, âCriminal,â in contrast, echoes a fierier side of Oliveâone that has just been on display in the previous chapter, as Olive rages and weeps at her son. Olive has long viewed not talking as a sign for concern, first with her father, who died by suicide, then with her son, who has depression. Rebecca Brown, however, cannot stop talking. Her father, a minister, forbid talking at the table: she had sat with him, ânight after night, the only sounds being silverware touching a plate, or a water glass being put back on the table, and the soft, too-intimate sounds of their chewingâ (242). Now, especially with her father dead, Rebecca is keen to rebel, to be a âcriminal;â she is, the story hints, perhaps even a budding arsonist. The story suggests that itâs just any talking thatâs necessary to provide relief or to shed light on a new perspective. Rebecca talks constantly, yet she has a greater emotional connection with a phone saleswoman than with her husband, who often fails to listen. Similarly, in Oliveâs case, even though she had plenty to say in her argument with Christopher, and he had plenty to say in return, she barely processed any of it: â[e]verything became blurry, not just her eyesâ (230). Olive cries at one point, âWhat are you talking aboutâ (231). The Necessity of Human Connection is whatâs at stake; the issue is not just the act of talking.
In the 13th and final chapter, âRiver,â Oliveâs journey culminates in a moment of realization that is more a subtle new layer of awareness than a stunning breakthrough. Part of wrestling with The Trials of Grief and Mental Illness is fear. Yet Olive, who resists apologizing and cultivates an image of herself as unflappable, struggles to admit her own fear. She is afraid, which her internal thoughts acknowledge explicitly during her fight with Christopher: âFear of her? How could anyone be afraid of her? She was the one who was afraidâ (230). Yet she does not like to communicate it. If anything, her life advice hinges on rejecting. As Julie Harwood recalls of her former math teacher, âI always remember she said one day, âDonât be scared of your hunger. If youâre scared of your hunger, youâll just be one more ninny like everyone elseââ (195). Finally, though, in the end, as Jack confesses his own fear (âGod, Iâm scaredâ [269]), Olive relents just enough to let a little bit of self-truth in:
She almost said, âOh, stop. I hate scared people.â She would have said that to Henry, to just about anyone. Maybe because she hated the scared part of herselfâthis was just a fleeting thought; there was a contest within her, revulsion and tentative desire (269).
In the closing lines of the novel, Jack invites Olive to lay beside him. In those moments, she does not think about how she feels toward Jack or Henry. Instead, she recognizes that she finally has a reason to live. She finds meaning in her life once again.



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