The narrator of the poem is a young man living in a rural cottage, currently experiencing intense emotional heartbreak. He exhibits a sullen, possessive demeanor and a need for absolute control over his environment and relationships. His obsession with purity and devotion dictates his perspective, as he wrestles with feelings of inadequacy regarding his romantic attachment to a woman of seemingly higher social standing.

Porphyria is a beautiful, blonde-haired young woman who seemingly belongs to a more affluent social class than her lover. She demonstrates boldness and personal agency by leaving a formal social gathering to venture through a severe storm to comfort the man she loves. Despite her clear affection, she is burdened by upper-class societal expectations and "vainer ties" that complicate her ability to fully commit to her romantic desires.