The speaker of the poem is a youthful, innocent individual who possesses a deep sense of wonder and spiritual awareness. Representing a state of unfallen, uncorrupted humanity, the child views the natural world with joy and assumes the role of a gentle preacher to the local wildlife. Free from adult inhibitions and societal corruption, the child approaches complex philosophical questions about existence with playfulness and absolute certainty.

A literal animal in a pastoral setting, the little lamb features soft, bright wool and a tender voice that makes the surrounding valleys echo with joy. It lives a carefree existence in a bountiful environment, eating peacefully without facing competition or scarcity. The creature acts as a catalyst for natural harmony, projecting a serene presence that invites the child's affection and theological instruction.

The Christian God, closely identified with Jesus Christ, acts as the generous provider for the natural world. Unlike a fearsome or distant deity, this creator exhibits immense tenderness, altruism, and humility. By incarnating as a human infant and associating directly with the meekest of animals, the Creator breaks down traditional hierarchies, placing the divine, human, and animal domains on an equal, unified level.