The Mirror and the Light

Hilary Mantel

59 pages 1-hour read

Hilary Mantel

The Mirror and the Light

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

At fifty years old, Thomas Cromwell serves as Secretary to the King and Lord Privy Seal. Born the son of a blacksmith in Putney, he has risen to become the second most powerful man in England. He relies on his sharp intellect, legendary memory, and diplomatic skills to manage the king's affairs. He maintains a massive household at Austin Friars and constantly protects himself from aristocratic rivals who despise his common origins.

Key Relationships

Minister to King Henry VIII

Father of Gregory Cromwell

Former Protégé of Cardinal Wolsey

Rival of Duke of Norfolk

Political Opponent of Stephen Gardiner

Employer of Thomas Wriothesley

Mentor to Rafe Sadler

Advisor to Lady Mary

King of England, Henry has recently severed ties with the Holy Roman Empire to declare himself Head of the Church of England. He struggles with a painful leg wound from a jousting accident and carries the heavy burden of securing a legitimate male heir for the Tudor dynasty. He is a demanding, impulsive monarch who requires constant reassurance and uses his courtiers to fulfill his complex personal desires.

Key Relationships

Husband of Jane Seymour

Sovereign of Thomas Cromwell

Father of Lady Mary

Father of Henry Fitzroy

Former Husband of Anne Boleyn

Former Husband of Katherine of Aragon

The diminutive daughter of Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon. She remains fiercely loyal to her mother's Spanish Catholic heritage and refuses to acknowledge her father as the head of the church. Because her existence rallies Catholic loyalists and ancient families, she lives in constant danger while attempting to maintain her religious convictions.

Key Relationships

Daughter of King Henry VIII

Daughter of Katherine of Aragon

Advised by Thomas Cromwell

Political Ally of Eustache Chapuys

King Henry's third wife, recently elevated to queen following the execution of Anne Boleyn. She presents a demure, devout, and calm public image, providing a sharp contrast to the previous queen. She carefully manages the king's volatile temperament and hopes to secure her position by bearing a male heir.

Key Relationships

Sister of Bess Oughtred

Thomas Howard is a powerful aristocrat and leader of one of England's oldest families. He deeply resents Thomas Cromwell's rise from commoner status to Lord Privy Seal. He continuously looks for ways to restore the power of the ancient nobility and undermine Cromwell's influence at court.

Key Relationships

Bitter Rival of Thomas Cromwell

Subject of King Henry VIII

Uncle of Katherine Howard

Half-brother of Thomas Howard the Lesser

Supporting Characters

A bishop and staunch religious conservative who opposes the Protestant Reformation. He operates as one of Cromwell's most persistent political enemies, frequently using religious doctrine and parliamentary maneuvering to erode the Secretary's power.

Key Relationships

Political Opponent of Thomas Cromwell

Subject of King Henry VIII

The ambassador to the Holy Roman Empire, representing the interests of Charles V. He functions as a key diplomat in London, advocating for the restoration of Catholicism and secretly spreading damaging rumors about Cromwell's ambitions.

Key Relationships

Political Ally of Lady Mary

Diplomatic Adversary of Thomas Cromwell

Ambassador for Charles V

Henry's second wife, whose recent execution for alleged treason and infidelity sets the plot in motion. Though dead, her memory haunts the court, and the hasty removal of her initials from royal properties occupies the king's servants.

Key Relationships

Former Wife of King Henry VIII

Victim of Thomas Cromwell

Former Lover of Thomas Wyatt

The deceased former Lord Chancellor of England. He originally lifted Cromwell out of obscurity, and his memory serves as an ongoing source of inspiration for Cromwell and a point of resentment for the noble families who hated his power.

Key Relationships

Former Mentor of Thomas Cromwell

Father of Dorothea

A capable clerk and Earl of Southampton working closely within Cromwell's administrative machine. He assists in managing the complex logistics of the country, from diplomatic correspondence to keeping watch over minor courtiers.

Key Relationships

Employee of Thomas Cromwell

Colleague of Rafe Sadler

A trusted aide and member of Cromwell's inner circle. Raised in Cromwell's household, he acts as a dependable pair of hands for the Secretary's sensitive political operations.

Key Relationships

Protégé of Thomas Cromwell

Colleague of Thomas Wriothesley

The Archbishop of Canterbury, who shares Cromwell's Protestant leanings and desire to see the Bible printed in English. He worries constantly about the king's conservative religious views and the danger of holding reforming beliefs.

Key Relationships

Thomas Cromwell's surviving son. He lacks his father's ruthless ambition but enjoys the wealth and status that come from his family's elevated position. His father carefully arranges his life to secure the family's legacy.

Key Relationships

Betrothed of Bess Oughtred

A descendant of the Plantagenet line who holds strong Catholic sympathies. She quietly resists the new order, secretly sewing treasonous banners supporting her exiled son's rebellion against the king.

Key Relationships

Mother of Reginald Pole

Questioned by Thomas Cromwell

Landlady to Bess Darnell

A poet and courtier currently imprisoned under suspicion of being one of Anne Boleyn's lovers. Cromwell works to protect him, honor a promise to his father, and secure his release so he can be sent abroad as an ambassador.

Key Relationships

Former Lover of Anne Boleyn

Protected by Thomas Cromwell

Lover of Bess Darnell

King Henry's illegitimate son, holding the title of Duke of Richmond. Despite his illegitimacy, he believes he is fit to rule England and openly speaks of his claim to the throne, creating a delicate situation for the king's advisors.

Key Relationships

Illegitimate Son of King Henry VIII

Confides in Thomas Cromwell

Henry's first wife and a Spanish princess, whose marriage the king annulled to marry Anne Boleyn. Though dead, her memory continues to inspire the rebels who march against the king's religious reforms.

Key Relationships

Former Wife of King Henry VIII

Mother of Lady Mary