The Palm-Wine Drinkard: And His Dead Palm-Wine Tapster in the Dead's Town

Amos Tutuola

The Palm-Wine Drinkard: And His Dead Palm-Wine Tapster in the Dead's Town

Amos Tutuola
53 pages1-hour read
Fiction
Novel
Adult
Published in 1952

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapters 22-29Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide features depictions of graphic violence, child death, addiction, animal death, and physical abuse.

Chapter 22 Summary: “The Invisible-Pawn”

A man named Give and Take offers to work for the Drinkard as a permanent hired laborer, or “pawn” (91), in exchange for a loan of two thousand cowries (six-pence). The Drinkard’s wife warns that the man will be a hard worker but also a “wonderful robber in future” (92). Ignoring her, the Drinkard gives him the loan. Give and Take explains that he lives in an untraceable bush and can be summoned if laborers call his name at a junction of roads, where he answers with a song.


Remaining unseen, the Invisible-Pawn works only at night, performing incredible feats. He first clears the Drinkard’s entire farm and all neighboring farms overnight. Tasked next with cutting firewood, he fills the town with so many logs that it takes a week to clear a path. When asked to be a barber for the Drinkard’s children, he puts the entire town to sleep, shaves the heads of every person and domestic animal, then paints them white. He placates the furious townspeople by filling the town with bush animals to hunt. When the Drinkard offers him crops from the farm, the Invisible-Pawn reveals he is the leader of the Bush-creatures and, with his followers, steals all the crops from every farm in the area, fulfilling the wife’s prophecy. The ruined neighbors form an army to seek revenge on the Drinkard.

Chapter 23 Summary: “The Invisible-Pawn on the Front”

As the town’s natives hunt for them, the Drinkard and his wife hide within the town. At his wife’s suggestion, the Drinkard sends a laborer to warn the Invisible-Pawn that the army would rise in two days and to beg the Invisible-Pawn to come help early on that morning. That night, the Invisible-Pawn arrives with his followers and slaughters all the townspeople, leaving the Drinkard and his wife as the sole survivors. Realizing they cannot live in the deserted town alone, the couple packs their belongings and departs. This ends their time with the Red-people and they resume their journey to find the Deads’ Town.

Chapter 24 Summary: “We and the Wise King in the Wrong Town with the Prince Killer”

The couple encounters a man who claims to be heading to Deads’ Town. He asks them to help carry his heavy bag, making the Drinkard promise not to set it down. The man deceives them, leading them to a different town where he reports to the local king that they have murdered the prince, whose body is inside the bag. The king imprisons the couple. They are sentenced to death and, as part of their ritual punishment, the king has them dressed in fine clothes and paraded through the town on a horse for seven days. On the morning of the seventh day, the real killer sees the parade and, mistakenly believing the king was pleased that his son had been killed, confesses to the attendants and asks to be taken before the king. The killer eagerly takes their place on the horse, after which the wise king has him taken away and executed as a sacrifice. After 15 days, the king frees the Drinkard and his wife, giving them gifts and correct directions to the Deads’ Town.

Chapter 25 Summary: “I and My Palm-Wine Tapster in the Deads’ Town”

The Drinkard and his wife finally sight the Deads’ Town, but it seems to move farther away as they approach. His wife deduces that as living beings, they can only enter at night. Inside, they discover that the dead walk backward and are irritated by the couple’s forward walking. When the Drinkard stumbles and cuts himself, the sight of his blood enrages the dead, who forcibly eject them. The Drinkard’s palm-wine tapster, whose name in life was Baity, comes out to meet them. He explains that he cannot return with them because the ways of the dead and the living are incompatible. As a gift, the tapster gives the Drinkard a magical egg that can grant any wish when placed in water. He then shows them a proper road to begin their journey home.

Chapter 26 Summary: “None of the Deads Too Young to Assault. Dead Babies on the Road-March to the Deads’ Town”

On their new path, the Drinkard and his wife encounter thousands of dead people who, hating the sight of the living, branch into the bush as they approach, making bad noise. At midnight, however, they come upon a marching column of four hundred dead babies carrying sticks. Unlike the adults, the babies do not make way and instead attack the couple, forcing them to flee into the bush. As they are being chased, a huge man suddenly appears and captures the Drinkard and his wife in a large bag, at which point the dead babies abandon their pursuit and continue on their way.

Chapter 27 Summary: “Afraid of Touching Terrible Creatures in Bag”

Inside the bag, the Drinkard and his wife are trapped with other captives whose bodies are cold and hairy, with skin as sharp as sandpaper and breath as hot as steam. Their captor, the huge man, carries the bag deep into the bush, letting it strike trees and the ground. At one point, he meets another creature of his kind and the two of them toss the bag back and forth before he continues on. By morning, he has traveled about 30 miles from the road.

Chapter 28 Summary: “Hard to Salute Each Other, Harder to Describe Each Other, and Hardest to Look at Each Other at Destination”

The huge creature, a giant with a pot-like head and pillar-thick feet, finally empties his bag. Along with the narrator and his wife, nine terrible creatures tumble out. These beings are short, with sandpaper skin, horned palms, and voices like bells. The giant enslaves them all, forcing them to work his farm and live inside a hill. During a fight on the farm, the Drinkard kills the creatures one by one until only their champion remains, who then knocks him unconscious. The champion cuts 8 leaves from a special plant, squeezes water from them, and puts it into the eyes of his dead comrades, reviving them all. The Drinkard’s wife, who was hiding behind a nearby tree with their loads throughout, witnesses this and uses a leaf from the same plant to revive her husband. They escape while the creatures are away reporting the incident to the giant.

Chapter 29 Summary: “To Travel in the Bush Was More Dangerous and to Travel on the Deads’ Road Was the Most Dangerous”

The couple escapes back to the Deads’ Road but, still fearing the dead babies, they travel in the adjacent bush. The Drinkard prepares four kinds of juju (magical charms) for protection. They soon meet a hungry-creature that cries “hungry-hungry-hungry” (117) without end and instantly swallows any food they offer. The magical egg from the tapster falls from the wife, and she quickly picks it up before the creature can take it. The creature then attacks her, trying to swallow her. To protect her, the Drinkard uses juju to transform his wife and their loads into a wooden doll, which he places in his pocket. The hungry-creature follows him, repeatedly asking to inspect the doll. On the third inspection, it declares the doll is the wife and swallows it whole. The Drinkard follows, demanding the creature vomit out the doll, but it refuses.

Chapters 22-29 Analysis

The episode with the Invisible-Pawn begins with the Drinkard’s wife issuing a prophecy that the strange laborer “WOULD BE A WONDERFUL HARD WORKER, BUT HE WOULD BE A WONDERFUL ROBBER IN FUTURE” (92). The Drinkard’s decision to ignore this warning and hire the creature, whose name is Give and Take, initiates a series of events that exemplify the theme of Challenging the Nature of Heroism. Rather than undertaking his own labors, the Drinkard outsources them to a supernatural entity whose work ethic is literal and excessive. The Pawn’s feats—clearing entire landscapes “as flat as a football field” (96), burying a town in firewood, and shaving every living thing—transform the folkloric magical helper into a chaotic, destructive force. This blending of a modern image into a mythic context reflect the novel’s the cultural syncretism of late-colonial Nigeria. The relationship highlights the Drinkard’s defining characteristic: He is not a hero who achieves goals through skill or effort, but a manager of magical forces whose laziness and poor judgment consistently create larger, more dangerous problems than the ones he sought to solve. His reliance on this external power costs him his farm and makes him an enemy of the entire community, a direct consequence of his attempt to bypass personal responsibility.


After escaping the angry townspeople, the Drinkard is thrust into another situation where his agency is diminished. Framed for the murder of a prince, he and his wife are paraded through a town for seven days while they wait for their execution. Their ordeal and eventual salvation in this “wrong town” (102) further develop the theme of Challenging the Nature of Heroism. The couple is entirely passive, trapped in a plot they cannot comprehend, let alone resolve. Their freedom is secured by the murderer’s own greed and the Wise-King’s clever psychological gambit, rather than the couple’s own actions. The king’s elaborate, indirect method of justice exposes the true killer, while the Drinkard and his wife are merely spectators to their own fate. This episode, with its clear moral and cunning twist, is a self-contained fable, characteristic of the episodic structure drawn from Yoruba oral tradition. Unlike a traditional epic protagonist who would fight to prove their innocence or use their wits to escape, the Drinkard simply endures until an external combination of wisdom and folly resolves his predicament. His survival is a product of chance, reinforcing his status as an accidental tourist in a world governed by forces beyond his control.


Upon finally reaching his destination, the Drinkard finds the Deads’ Town to be a place of inverted logic, where inhabitants walk backward and are violently repulsed by the sight of living blood. This encounter brings the novel’s central journey to its thematic climax, confirming The Uncrossable Divide Between Life and Death. The fundamental physical and social laws of the dead are incompatible with those of the living, making any true reunion impossible. The physical details are significant: life is forward-moving, warm-blooded, and diurnal; death is its reverse. The palm-wine tapster’s refusal to return with the narrator—explaining that “a dead man could not live with alives and their characteristics would not be the same” (108)—marks the definitive failure of the Drinkard’s quest. This anticlimax forces a shift in the narrative’s objective. The Drinkard cannot reclaim the past or reverse the finality of death. Instead, he receives the symbol of the magical egg, a gift that offers unlimited material fulfillment. This talisman shows a new path forward, replacing the lost comfort of palm-wine with the power to generate endless new resources, thereby trading nostalgic longing for magical self-sufficiency.


The journey away from the Deads’ Town proves as dangerous as the approach, populated by hostile spirits who underscore the animosity between the two realms. The attack by four hundred marching “dead babies” who move “like soldiers” (110) is a surreal image that reinforces the theme of The Uncrossable Divide Between Life and Death, portraying the dead as actively antagonistic rather than just different. Survival in this hostile landscape depends entirely on the motif of supernatural transformation. The Drinkard and his wife escape their enslavement to a giant only after his wife witnesses a magical revival process and replicates it. Shortly after, the Drinkard must use his own juju to change his wife and their possessions into a wooden doll to protect them from the hungry-creature. This recurring motif establishes physical malleability as the ultimate defense mechanism in a world where identity and form are fluid. The Drinkard’s command of juju, a key form of power in this world, offers a means of navigating unending peril. Yet the capture of the doll-wife demonstrates that even this power is precarious, ensuring the quest remains a cycle of escape and entrapment rather than a linear progression toward victory.


Throughout these episodes, the Drinkard’s wife emerges as the source of wisdom and foresight that her husband consistently lacks. She correctly predicts the Invisible-Pawn’s treachery, astutely deduces that the living can only enter the Deads’ Town at night, and single-handedly engineers their escape from the giant by observing and replicating a magical process. While the Drinkard relies on impulsive action and magical force—often with disastrous results—his wife relies on perception, memory, and cunning. Her role is that of an essential guide and savior instead of a passive companion, someone whose intelligence repeatedly corrects the Drinkard’s blunders. This dynamic is an important element in Tutuola’s subversion of epic conventions; the nominal hero is often a liability, while the secondary character possesses the true skills necessary for survival. Her pragmatic competence provides a necessary balance to the Drinkard’s often-reckless pursuit of his desires, grounding the surreal journey in a partnership of complementary strengths and weaknesses.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Get in-depth, chapter-by-chapter summaries and analysis from our literary experts.

  • Grasp challenging concepts with clear, comprehensive explanations
  • Revisit key plot points and ideas without rereading the book
  • Share impressive insights in classes and book clubs