The People Could Fly: American Black Folktales

Virginia Hamilton

52 pages 1-hour read

Virginia Hamilton

The People Could Fly: American Black Folktales

Fiction | Short Story Collection | Middle Grade | Published in 1985

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

He Lion is a loud, self-centered animal who dominates the forest with his morning declarations. His boasts frighten the smaller creatures and disrupt their daily routines. He firmly believes himself to be the king of the forest until he is challenged to meet someone stronger.

Key Relationships

Challenged by Bruh Rabbit

Challenged by Bruh Bear

Bruh Rabbit is a cunning and quick-witted figure in the animal folktales. He serves as a trickster who uses his intellect rather than physical strength to handle larger animals. He often collaborates with others to restore order or protect the smaller creatures.

Key Relationships

Adversary of He Lion

Ally of Bruh Bear

Tappin is a land turtle who tries to save his starving children during a severe food shortage. He travels to the underworld to seek help, but his inability to use magical gifts responsibly puts his community at risk.

Key Relationships

Supplicant to The Underworld King

Father of His Children

Anton is a fair-minded boy who sets out on a courageous quest after experiencing a powerful dream. He uses magical assistance and his ability to transform into different creatures to overcome obstacles. His fluid identity helps him pursue the girl he wishes to marry.

Key Relationships

Suitor of The Beautiful Girl

Guest of Mother-of-the-Wind

The Beautiful Girl lives isolated in the tower of the moon with her restrictive father. She awaits a suitor brave enough to reach her and defeat the obstacles her father places in their way.

Key Relationships

Courted by Anton

Daughter of Her Father

Manuel is a poor but clever young man who travels to the palace to win a fortune. Despite the deadly risks of the royal riddle challenge and his mother's pessimistic interference, he relies on his wits to outsmart the royal family.

Key Relationships

Son of Manuel's Mother

Challenger of The Princess

Challenger of The King

Papa John is a storyteller and farmer who shares incredibly exaggerated agricultural tales with his son. He recounts incredible farming feats, including growing a turnip so massive it took over a year to cook.

Key Relationships

Father of Jake

Subordinate to Missus

Big John is a cruel, jealous man who continually torments his neighbor. He resorts to violence and destruction to steal his neighbor's success, though his malicious actions consistently backfire.

Key Relationships

Abuser of Little John

Grandson of Big John's Grandmother

Little John is a resourceful man who endures severe abuse from his larger neighbor. He repeatedly turns his neighbor's cruel actions to his own advantage, finding clever ways to profit from his misfortunes.

Key Relationships

Victim of Big John

Grandson of Little John's Grandmother

Wiley is a courageous boy who lives near the swamp with his mother and his hunting dogs. He respects his mother's wisdom and relies on her teachings to protect himself from supernatural threats in the wild.

Key Relationships

Son of Wiley's Mama

Adversary of The Hairy Man

Wiley's Mama is a protective and knowledgeable woman who understands swamp magic. She instructs her son on how to safely confront the dangerous creatures lurking near their home and devises plans to secure their safety.

Key Relationships

Mother of Wiley

Adversary of The Hairy Man

The Hairy Man is a dangerous, shape-shifting creature who haunts the swamp. Known for capturing people, he attempts to use his conjuring abilities to outwit locals, though he finds himself repeatedly challenged by those who know how to counter his magic.

Key Relationships

Hunter of Wiley

Adversary of Wiley's Mama

John De Conquer is a determined man who insists on working for the Devil despite warnings. He quickly finds himself overwhelmed by impossible labor and must rely on outside magical intervention to survive.

Key Relationships

Romantic interest of The Devil's Daughter

Employee of The Devil

The Devil's Daughter is a highly capable woman who possesses profound magical abilities. She actively chooses to subvert her father's wicked intentions, offering her assistance to those he seeks to harm.

Key Relationships

Romantic interest of John De Conquer

Daughter of The Devil

The Devil is a malevolent figure who assigns deadly, impossible tasks to those who come to him for work. He expects to work his laborers to death and fiercely pursues anyone who attempts to escape his domain.

Key Relationships

Employer of John De Conquer

Adversary of Jack

Little Eight John is a rebellious and disobedient boy who completely disregards his mother's warnings. Lacking a moral conscience, he finds it amusing when his destructive behavior brings sickness and misfortune to his family.

Key Relationships

Son of Little Eight John's Mother

Targeted by Old Raw Head Bloody Bones

Jack is a troubled man whose severe alcoholism drives him to mistreat his family. Despite his deep flaws and wicked behavior, he possesses enough cunning to stall supernatural threats when they come to collect his soul.

Key Relationships

Husband of Abbie

Adversary of The Devil

The Narrator is an enslaved man in Kentucky who faces his immense fears to help others escape bondage. Though initially terrified of the consequences, he demonstrates courage by rowing freedom-seekers across the river in the dark.

Key Relationships

Collaborator of John Rankins

Husband of His Wife

Nehemiah is a creative enslaved man known for his sharp humor. He uses his quick thinking and storytelling abilities to survive the harsh conditions of his environment and negotiate with those in power.

Key Relationships

Enslaved by Mister Warton

Sold by Other Enslavers

Jim is an enslaved man who dreams of a life of liberty. When he discovers a magical, musical turtle near his enslaver's home, he recognizes an opportunity to use the incredible find to bargain for his freedom.

Key Relationships

Friend of The Talking Cooter

Enslaved by His Enslaver

Toby is an older enslaved man who serves as a community leader and protector. He possesses ancient, secret magic from Africa and watches over those suffering under the brutal conditions of the plantation.

Key Relationships

Protector of Sarah

Adversary of The Overseer

The Overseer is a cruel authority figure on the plantation who enforces brutal labor conditions. He demands physical punishment for any enslaved person who falters or cries out in the fields.

Key Relationships

Adversary of Toby

Abuser of Sarah

Supporting Characters

Bruh Bear is a wise and experienced animal in the forest community. He works alongside Bruh Rabbit to confront disruptive forces, offering his steady presence to back up the rabbit's plans.

Key Relationships

Ally of Bruh Rabbit

Adversary of He Lion

Bruh Alligator is an aquatic predator who strikes deals to ensure his food supply. He lives comfortably by the river but risks his own safety when he becomes too curious about the dry land.

Key Relationships

Ally of Bruh Deer

Tricked by Bruh Rabbit

Manuel's Mother worries deeply about her son's risky plan to solve the deadly royal riddle. Fearing he will face a gruesome execution, she attempts to give him a more humane death through poisoned food.

Key Relationships

Mother of Manuel

Fears for son against The Princess

John Rankins is a free man in Ohio who operates a station on the Underground Railroad. He shines a large light to guide escaping enslaved people and their helpers safely to his home.

Key Relationships

Collaborator of The Narrator

Protector of The Enslaved Girl

Sarah is an enslaved mother forced to work in the sweltering fields. When she collapses from the heat and abuse, she requires magical intervention to escape her suffering.

Key Relationships

Protected by Toby

Abused by The Overseer