The Smallest Woman in the World

Clarice Lispector

34 pages 1-hour read

Clarice Lispector

The Smallest Woman in the World

Fiction | Short Story | Adult | Published in 1960

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

Little Flower is a pregnant woman belonging to the Likouala pygmy tribe in the Central Congo, measuring only 18 inches tall. To survive the hazardous jungle environment and the constant threat of cannibalistic tribes, she and her people live high in the trees. Although her life-size photograph reduces her to an object of fascination for Western newspaper readers, she maintains a profound, self-sufficient humanity. She expresses genuine joy, warmth, and an uncomplicated ability to love both people and objects.

Key Relationships

Subject of study for Marcel Pretre

Partner of Little Flower's Consort

Hunted by The Bantu Tribe

Object of fantasy for The Boy

Object of reflection for The Mother

Object of comparison for The Little Girl

Marcel Pretre is a French explorer and self-described man of the world who views his anthropological work as a marker of intellectual prestige. Driven by colonial curiosity, he discovers Little Flower and photographs her for a Sunday newspaper in Europe. He relies on scientific categorization to maintain superiority over his subjects, yet he finds himself deeply flustered and confused when Little Flower responds to him with genuine emotion.

Key Relationships

Explorer and observer of Little Flower

Documenter of The Bantu Tribe

Indirect cultural influencer of The Mother

Indirect cultural influencer of The Boy

Indirect cultural influencer of The Little Girl

Indirect cultural influencer of The Young Bride

Supporting Characters

The Mother is a Western reader of the Sunday newspaper who views the life-size photograph of Little Flower. While going through her grooming routine, she experiences a complex internal conflict between her inherent empathy for the pregnant pygmy woman and her need to maintain strict social distance. She struggles with the dark implications of her son's request to keep Little Flower as a toy. She ultimately chooses to perform a polite, refined smile that masks her anxiety.

Key Relationships

Mother of The Boy

Employer of The Family Cook

Secretly identifying with Little Flower

Consumer of photograph by Marcel Pretre

The Boy is the son of The Mother, featured in the story's fifth vignette. Upon seeing the life-size photograph of Little Flower, he immediately expresses a desire to own her and use her as a plaything. His childish possessiveness prompts his mother to reflect on the dark, objectifying nature of love and curiosity.

Key Relationships

Son of The Mother

Desiring to possess Little Flower

The Family Cook is an employee in The Mother's household who previously shared a grim anecdote from her childhood. She grew up in an orphanage where girls once hid a companion's death so they could continue playing with the corpse like a doll. This story serves as a morbid parallel to the Western impulse to objectify and possess Little Flower.

Key Relationships

Employee of The Mother

The Little Girl is a five-year-old reader who views Little Flower's picture. Because she previously held the position of the smallest person in her own family, she feels a sense of displacement upon seeing someone even smaller. She uniquely relates to the vulnerable position of being the smallest. She recognizes it as a source of both affection and limitation.

Key Relationships

Projecting herself onto Little Flower

The Young Bride is a newlywed woman who reacts to the Sunday newspaper with immediate pity for Little Flower. She views the pygmy woman's life as inherently sad. She demonstrates a patronizing but emotionally reactive form of Western compassion that is quickly shut down by her mother.

Key Relationships

Daughter of The Bride's Mother

Feeling pity for Little Flower

The Bride's Mother views Little Flower's photograph alongside her daughter. To dismiss the younger woman's compassion, she likens the pygmy woman to an animal. This action dehumanizes Little Flower and reinforces the mother's own sense of cultural superiority.

Key Relationships

Mother of The Young Bride

Dehumanizing observer of Little Flower

The Father is the patriarchal head of a family examining the photograph of Little Flower. When his wife and daughter begin expressing a deeper, physical connection regarding Little Flower's pregnancy, he abruptly shuts down the conversation to reestablish social control and boundary lines.

Key Relationships

Husband of The Sixth Vignette Mother

Father of The Sixth Vignette Daughter

This mother participates in her family's fantasy of possessing Little Flower as a domestic servant. She engages in an animated discussion with her daughter about the size of Little Flower's unborn baby. She briefly connects with the African woman through shared aspects of motherhood before her husband ends the dialogue.

Key Relationships

Wife of The Father

Mother of The Sixth Vignette Daughter

Projecting possession onto Little Flower

The daughter in the sixth vignette joins her family in imagining what it would be like to own Little Flower. She specifically focuses on the physical reality of Little Flower's unborn child. This allows her to experience a moment of female solidarity and curiosity that violates the family's patriarchal dynamic.

Key Relationships

Daughter of The Father

Daughter of The Sixth Vignette Mother

Imagining the child of Little Flower

The Bantu tribe is a group in the Central Congo that hunts the Likouala pygmies. They capture the smaller tribe members with nets and eat them. Their literal consumption of human flesh serves as a physical counterpart to the cultural cannibalism and monstrous desire exhibited by the Western newspaper readers.

Key Relationships

Hunter of Little Flower

Documented by Marcel Pretre

Little Flower's consort is a male member of the Likouala pygmy tribe. He resides in the high canopy of the Central Congo jungle with his pregnant partner. He helps her survive the environmental hazards and the constant threat of the cannibalistic Bantu tribe.

Key Relationships

Partner of Little Flower

The Old Reader appears in the final vignette of the story. She views the photograph of Little Flower and subsequently dismisses the difficult implications of the image by making a reference to God. This action allows her to close the newspaper and restore the comfortable distance between her European context and Little Flower's reality.

Key Relationships

Dismissive observer of Little Flower

The First Woman is a Sunday newspaper reader who encounters the life-size photograph of Little Flower. Unable to process the visual reality of the tiny, pregnant pygmy woman, she simply turns away from the image because looking at it causes her physical or emotional pain.

Key Relationships

Pained observer of Little Flower

The Second Woman reacts to Little Flower's photograph with a perverse tenderness inspired by the African woman's smallness. The narrator notes that this specific type of twisted affection is a dangerous emotion, implicitly warning that leaving Little Flower alone with this woman's tenderness would lead to harm.

Key Relationships

Perversely tender toward Little Flower