The Song of Hiawatha

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

The Song of Hiawatha

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
54 pages1-hour read
Fiction
Novel/Book in Verse
Adult
Published in 1855

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

Hiawatha is a mythic Ojibwe hero raised by his grandmother, Nokomis, after the tragic death of his mother. As he grows into manhood, he seeks to protect and elevate his people by connecting with the natural world and undertaking immense challenges. He balances his roles as a fierce warrior and a thoughtful, progressive leader who desires peace and prosperity for the scattered tribes.

Key Relationships

Grandson of Nokomis

Son of Wenonah

Son of Mudjekeewis

Romantic partner of Minnehaha

Best friend of Chibiabos

Best friend of Kwasind

Friend of Iagoo

Nokomis is Hiawatha's wise and protective grandmother. Following the tragic loss of her daughter Wenonah, she dedicates her life to raising Hiawatha. She teaches him the lore of the natural world, guides his early development, and serves as a vital matriarchal figure who anchors his connection to his heritage.

Key Relationships

Grandmother of Hiawatha

Mother of Wenonah

Friend of Iagoo

Enemy of Pearl-Feather

Minnehaha is a beautiful Dakota maiden whose name translates to Laughing Water. She is the daughter of a skilled arrow maker. Despite the historical enmity between the Dakota and Ojibwe tribes, she catches Hiawatha's attention and gladly accepts his proposal, representing a living bridge of peace between the two peoples.

Key Relationships

Romantic partner of Hiawatha

Family member of Nokomis

A powerful demigod figure who becomes the ruler of the West Wind, earning the title Kabeyun. He is Hiawatha's father, though his abandonment of Hiawatha's mother casts a long shadow over his relationship with his son. He possesses immense dominion over the natural forces and distributes the remaining winds to his other sons.

Key Relationships

Father of Hiawatha

Former romantic interest of Wenonah

Father of Wabun

Father of Kabibonokka

Father of Shawondasee

A handsome, chaotic figure who is beloved by women but heavily disliked by the village warriors. He acts as a troublemaker and shape-shifter who disrupts the harmony Hiawatha works to build. His jealousy of others' attention leads him to introduce dangerous vices, such as gambling, into the village.

Key Relationships

Opponent of Hiawatha

Rival of Iagoo

A fearsome, disease-bringing sorcerer who lives in the west, guarded by fiery serpents and pitch-black waters. He represents a mystical and deadly threat to Hiawatha's people, prompting the young hero to undertake a perilous quest to end his reign of sickness.

Key Relationships

Enemy of Hiawatha

Enemy of Nokomis

Supporting Characters

Chibiabos is a brilliantly gifted musician and singer in Hiawatha's village. His voice is so beautiful that it inspires envy among the birds, and he can perfectly imitate all the sounds of nature. He represents the artistic, expressive, and gentle aspects of Hiawatha's community.

Key Relationships

Best friend of Hiawatha

Friend of Kwasind

A remarkably strong but often misunderstood man in Hiawatha's village. Because he struggles to rein in his vast physical might, he frequently breaks things and is initially dismissed as lazy by his parents. He channels his formidable strength to assist Hiawatha in massive physical labors, such as clearing obstacles from rivers.

Key Relationships

Best friend of Hiawatha

Friend of Chibiabos

A boisterous and supportive friend of Nokomis. Iagoo is renowned as a storyteller who loves to spin wildly inflated tales of his own adventures. Despite his penchant for exaggeration and the occasional jealousy it inspires, he is a dedicated member of the community who provides guidance to the younger generation.

Key Relationships

Friend of Nokomis

Mentor to Hiawatha

Rival of Pau-Puk-Keewis

Hiawatha's mother and the daughter of Nokomis. Her brief romance with the West Wind, Mudjekeewis, leaves her a single mother. Her overwhelming grief over his abandonment ultimately claims her life, shaping the early tragedy of Hiawatha's childhood and driving his later quest to confront his father.

Key Relationships

Daughter of Nokomis

Former romantic interest of Mudjekeewis

Mother of Hiawatha

The Great Spirit and Master of Life in Ojibwe cosmology. He acts as a divine guiding force for the Indigenous tribes, calling them to put down their weapons and unite as brothers. He prophesies the arrival of a great leader and occasionally sends trials to test the tribes.

Key Relationships

Spiritual guide to Hiawatha

A supernatural being sent by Manito to test Hiawatha. Clad in green and yellow garments, Mondamin challenges the young hero to a grueling wrestling match, promising that through their physical struggle, Hiawatha will secure a lasting agricultural bounty for his people.

Key Relationships

Opponent of Hiawatha

The massive king of all fishes, specifically described as a giant sturgeon. He initially ignores Hiawatha's challenges, dismissively sending lesser fish to break his lines, before finally rising from the depths to engage the hero in a monumental struggle that tests Hiawatha's survival skills.

Key Relationships

Opponent of Hiawatha

The young and handsome ruler of the East Wind. Driven by profound loneliness in his domain, he eventually transforms a beautiful maiden he spots on a riverbank into a star so they can dwell together in the heavens.

Key Relationships

Son of Mudjekeewis

The fierce and cruel ruler of the North Wind. He commands snow and winter tempests, fiercely guarding his frozen kingdom and battling anyone who attempts to brave his relentless, icy conditions.

Key Relationships

Son of Mudjekeewis

The ruler of the South Wind, known for being lazy and shy. He spends his days admiring a beautiful maiden with yellow hair, only to realize too late that she is actually a dandelion fading into the wind.

Key Relationships

Son of Mudjekeewis

The King of Ravens who leads his flock to steal the corn harvest. He acts as a natural pest to the agricultural progress of Hiawatha's tribe, forcing the hero to invent traps to protect his people's food supply.

Key Relationships

Opponent of Hiawatha

A sweet singer and musician who lives in an Indigenous village nestled in the forest. He gathers his tales from the surrounding natural world, functioning as the mythic bard who preserves the epic deeds of Hiawatha for future generations.

Key Relationships

Chronicler of Hiawatha