The Town, published in 1950, is the third novel in American author Conrad Richter’s Awakening Land trilogy. Set in the first half of the nineteenth century, The Town picks up the story of frontier woman Sayward Luckett Wheeler, whose early life is recounted in the trilogy’s first two volumes, The Trees and The Fields. In The Town, the Ohio Valley settlement that Sayward helped found becomes an established town. The novel begins by recounting the effort made by Sayward’s hometown, lead by Sayward’s husband Portius Wheeler, to change its name from Moonshine Church to Americus. Because of the name change, Americus becomes the county seat. The pace of change quickens. The town’s government builds a new bridge and a new canal. Portius, the town’s attorney, wants to build a brick house in downtown Americus, so he and Sayward can move out of their log cabin. Attached to the pioneer lifestyle, Sayward is initially reluctant, but she eventually agrees. She finds the new house uncomfortably luxurious. Sayward’s father, Worth Luckett, arrives in Americus. Earlier in the trilogy, Worth was stricken with grief when his favorite daughter Sulie was lost in the forest. As a result, he abandoned his family to live as a solitary hunter in the wilderness. Now he wants to reconnect with his adult children before he dies. On his deathbed, he admits that he searched for Sulie and found her, alive. She is living as a Lenape Native American, with a Lenape husband. After his death, Sayward and her sister, Genny, track down their long-lost sister. Sulie refuses to acknowledge that they are related. She feels part of her tribe and fears her sisters will try to make her leave. Sayward and Genny accept that they cannot take their sister back. As Americus thrives, Sayward becomes wealthy by selling parts of her land to new arrivals. Gradually, she becomes accustomed to her new luxurious life and home. However, she feels nostalgia for the frontier way of life and a sense that something has been lost. She disapproves of the new arrivals to the town, feeling that they are building on other people’s work without crediting them properly. She sees the newcomers as soft and sheltered. She begins to feel that the value of hard work is underappreciated in the modern world. Sayward worries about her youngest son, Chancey, a sensitive, introverted child with recurring health problems. He daydreams about finding a new family, who will understand him better. As he grows up, he becomes increasingly alienated from his family. He argues with his mother over their different views on the value of work. A socialist, Chancey believes that work is a curse and that a good government would try to free people from the need to work excessively. Chancey falls in love with Rosa Tench, a working-class girl from the poorer part of Americus with whom he feels a close connection. When Chancey’s family finds out about his relationship, they reveal that Rosa is the daughter of Chancey’s father Portius, through his extra-marital affair with the local schoolteacher. This means that Chancey is Rosa’s half-brother, and their relationship is illegal. Chancey and Rosa continue to see one another secretly, until the legal threat and his family’s disapproval cause Chancey to break off their relationship. Rosa is desperate to change his mind. When they ride a hot-air balloon at the town fair, Rosa cuts the balloon’s tether, and they begin to drift away. Chancey deflates the balloon, bringing them safely back down. Realizing that Chancey will not defy his family’s wishes, Rosa kills herself, using the same knife she used to cut the balloon free. More alienated from his family than ever, Chancey decides he cannot live at home anymore, and he moves first to a boarding house in Americus and then to Cincinnati. He becomes a journalist and works his way up to the post of editor at a socialist newspaper. Chancey’s views on progress and industry are still opposed to his mother’s, and he uses his position to spread his opinions and to attack prominent Ohio figures, including his mother and other members of his own family. He avoids Americus as much as possible. His newspaper becomes increasingly reliant on the philanthropy of a single anonymous benefactor. Finally, Chancey’s benefactor stops supporting the newspaper, and it fails. Chancey returns to Americus, where Sayward is on her deathbed. Chancey hopes his mother will leave him enough money to start a new life. After Sayward’s death, Chancey discovers that she was his newspaper’s anonymous benefactor. He also finds that she had cut out and saved every article he has ever written. He realizes that he misunderstood his mother. He leaves Americus, resolving that he will “ponder his own questions and travel his way alone.” The Town explores themes of progress and inter-generational conflict. The novel was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1951.

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Conrad Richter

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