To Waken An Old Lady

William Carlos Williams

19 pages 38-minute read

William Carlos Williams

To Waken An Old Lady

Fiction | Poem | Adult | Published in 1917

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

The titular figure of the poem does not physically appear in the text but serves as its foundational focus. She represents the target of the poet's message about aging and vitality. The poem operates as an attempt to awaken her to the resilience and hidden bounty still present in her later years.

Key Relationships

Addressee of The Speaker

Symbolically Represented by The Flock of Birds

The narrator of the poem acts as an active observer of the winter scene. He interrupts his own imagery halfway through the text with a surprised question, lending real-time immediacy to his observations. He seeks to impart a realistic yet optimistic view of aging.

Key Relationships

Observer and Addresser of The Old Lady

Observer of The Flock of Birds

Supporting Characters

A group of small birds surviving a harsh winter. They weather a dark wind while searching for sustenance among bare trees and harsh weedstalks. The flock eventually finds a feast of seeds, allowing them to rest and sing despite the cold weather.

Key Relationships

Symbolic Representation of The Old Lady

Observed by The Speaker