61 pages • 2-hour read
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Cotter Martin is a 14-year-old Black boy who lives in New York in 1951. He attends a baseball game between the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants at the Polo Grounds. Most people who jump the turnstiles are caught, but as he leaps over, Cotter feels a surge of energy that assures him that he is “uncatchable.” As the police chase after the other men, he disappears in the crowd. Cotter sits next to Bill Waterson, an affable white businessman. The two men talk and share a pack of peanuts. Waterson buys two sodas for them, and they discuss how much they love baseball. They both hope that the Giants will win, even though the Dodgers are in the lead.
The stadium is packed with 34,000 fans, but there are 20,000 empty seats. Among the attendees are Frank Sinatra, Jackie Gleason, and J. Edgar Hoover, the director of the FBI. An agent arrives to tell Hoover about the Soviet Union’s recent successful test detonation of a nuclear bomb at an undisclosed location. As the “absolutely deadlocked” game approaches the finale, the “uncertain” fans throw scraps of paper onto the field. Pages from Life magazine, including advertisements for consumer goods and a reprint of The Triumph of Death, a painting of “skeleton armies on the march” (41), fly through the air. The Triumph of Death lands on Hoover, and he can’t stop looking at it. Bobby Thomson sets up to bat for the Giants, hitting a home run. The crowd explodes with applause and the radio commentator repeats “the Giants win the pennant” (43). Gleason vomits on Sinatra’s shoes. Cotter jumps up and grabs at the baseball, wrestling with another fan but managing to get hold of the prized ball. When he stands up, he realizes that the other fan was actually Bill Waterson, who flashes him a “cutthroat smile.” Cotter rushes away; Waterson chases him. Waterson becomes increasingly threatening as he encourages Cotter to give him the ball, but Cotter insists that it isn’t for sale. They leave the stadium, reaching Harlem. In Harlem, Cotter is more relaxed. He mocks Waterson, knowing that the white man will not pursue him into the Black community. Back at the Polo Grounds, the radio commentators watch a drunk fan running around the bases.
In the early 1990s, 57-year-old Nick Shay drives across the desert. He wants to find Klara Sax, a famous artist, but he is lost. In the distance, Nick spots a New York taxi, and he calls out Klara’s name. When the car stops, Nick sees that it is filled with art students who have painted a normal car to look like the famous yellow taxis. This is a gift, the young artists inside explain, for Klara Sax’s birthday. She will be 72, and she is currently working on an installation piece in the desert in which she repaints abandoned aircraft from the Cold War era. They interest Klara because they never dropped their bombs. Arriving at Klara’s base of operations, Nick sees a French television crew setting up to interview Klara. Nick has not seen Sax since he was a teenager. They had a brief but memorable romantic escapade. He recognizes her immediately and cannot stop looking at her. As she pauses the interview, she beckons Nick to her. Klara remembers Nick, but he feels hesitant to talk to her, worried that he is no longer the person she remembers. Klara mentions the “allegiance” that they shared in the past, which she still feels. Nick returns to the sidelines and watches the rest of the interview. Klara describes why she named the collection “Long Tall Sally” (78), referring to the paintings of women that once featured prominently on the noses of planes. After, Nick speaks to a young artist, and the next day he climbs up a nearby hill at sunrise to get “a natural vantage in relation to the aircraft” (83). He thinks about the nuclear tests that took place in the desert.
Nick Shay and his wife, Marian, take care of his mother. She has come west to stay with the younger couple and spends most of her time watching television. Marian talks with her mother-in-law, discussing New York City and Nick’s childhood. Her husband never talks about his youth, so she is interested to learn more. Nick is concerned that he and his wife no longer talk, especially since their children have grown up and moved out of the house. Marian wants to know about Nick’s father, who “went out to get a pack of cigarettes and never came back” (87). Nick thinks about his father’s chosen cigarette brand, Lucky Strikes, and wonders whether this might mean that he was killed by criminals.
In Los Angeles, Nick attends a baseball game between the Dodgers and the Giants with his coworkers Brian Glassic and Big Sims. They are joined in the company box by a BBC reporter who knows little about the game but is keen to learn about American culture. The reporter asks about the rules and the history of the sport. They discuss the game between the Dodgers and the Giants in 1951, in which Bobby Thomson’s famous home run became known as the Shot Heard ’Round the World. Reluctantly, Nick reveals that he actually owns the baseball that Thomson hit. Big Sims insists that no one owns the ball. He claims that Nick must own a random baseball. Nick is embarrassed. He explains that owning the baseball is “all about losing” (97), as it allows him to commemorate the idea of failure. It celebrates Nick’s obsession with the way in which certain objects bring some people good luck and other people bad luck.
As Nick watches television with his mother, he is struck by a sudden reminiscence. They swap memories, hers “untouched by sentiment” (101). He remembers the Los Angeles riots and the way his son began wearing “baggy shorts and a cap turned backwards” after the riots (102). Nick thinks about how his father, a bookkeeper named Jimmy Costanza, “was able to retain the details of every bet” in his memory (104). The letters in Jimmy’s name can be added up to 13. His memory was so good that he never wrote anything down for work. In the current day, Nick works in waste management. He takes his job seriously and insists that his family recycle properly.
Brian Glassic calls Nick unexpectedly one night and asks Nick to meet him at a shop that specializes in selling a hundred different kinds of condoms. The store, Condomology, amuses Brian, but Nick is not impressed. Brian talks about his older brother, who carried around the same pack of condoms in his wallet throughout his adolescence. Brian buys a pack of condoms for Jeff, his son, as “a token of communication and accord” (113). Nick returns home and tries to explain what happened to Marian. She is busy watching television and does not engage with him. When she finally joins him in bed, Nick implies that she and Brian are having an affair. Marian wordlessly walks out of the room. Nick believes that he has “done it all wrong” (117).
Brian’s son, Jeff, becomes obsessed with tracking down the famous film in which the Texas Highway Killer supposedly shoots a victim. When he finally finds the video, he watches it repeatedly to try and catch “lost information” (118). Nick thinks about his son’s obsession while reflecting on his father’s departure, his mother moving into his house, and his home recycling system for “clean safe healthy garbage” (119). Nick remembers his father shaving and teaching him how to cut bread. Nick thinks about every nuclear bomb that was built and not released during the Cold War.
Nick and Marian fly in a hot-air balloon. They watch the sunset as they pass over the same desert that is now home to Klara Sax’s art installation. Marian thanks Nick for the “greatest birthday present ever” (124). That night, they host a dinner party. Later, they lie in bed and chat without really engaging with one another. In the middle of the night, Nick wakes up. He holds his supposedly fake baseball, for which he paid $34,500, needing “the feel of a baseball” in his hand (131). When Marian asks him to come back to bed, Nick goes up to the roof and listens to the radio commentary of a baseball game. He looks in the direction of where the Polo Grounds used to stand and thinks about his fading memories.
After leaving the game with his baseball, Cotter Martin returns home. His apartment building’s new janitor says he needs to speak to Cotter’s father, but Cotter insists that he does not know his father’s whereabouts. Inside the apartment, Cotter’s sister, Rosie, is studying for school. Cotter tells Rosie about the baseball. He trusts her not to tell their parents about him missing school to attend the game. At dinner, Cotter and Rosie sit in silence with their mother. They are waiting for Cotter’s father, a “working man” named Manx Martin, to arrive. When Manx finally arrives, Cotter begs his father to write a note explaining to his school that he missed a day because he was sick. Manx humors his son but wants to know why Cotter missed school. Cotter tells his father about the game and how he has the ball that Bobby Thomson hit. Manx’s mood changes. He immediately begins to think of ways in which the family could sell the ball back to the team. Cotter, however, wants to keep it. Manx is annoyed with his son and suggests that they revisit the idea the following day. While Cotter is asleep in bed, Manx enters his bedroom and finds the ball sitting on the bed. He takes it.
The Prologue establishes one of the important themes in Underworld: Dietrologia, or the idea that hidden truths lurk beneath the surface of things. On the surface level, an Black teenager goes to enjoy a baseball game and makes friends with a white man, defying many of the prevailing racist attitudes at the time. The two men support the same team, even though they are from very different backgrounds. This camaraderie does not last long, however. As soon as the possibility of owning the home-run ball is introduced into the friendship, all civilities break down. Waterson turns on Cotter and is prepared to use violence to get what he wants. Their friendship is abandoned as soon as there is something of material worth at stake. On a symbolic level, the supposed civility of American society obscures a latent rapaciousness and racism. Even when Cotter is running away, his keen awareness of his race with regards to the police officers and Waterson’s unwillingness to enter the racially segregated Harlem indicates that American society has many unaddressed problems with race that are masked by superficial civility. Baseball—America’s pastime—becomes a distraction from society’s real issues.
Underworld employs a nonlinear structure. Part 1 is later, chronologically, than the events in many of the following chapters. A middle-aged Nick visits an elderly Klara, with only hints at how and why they know each other. The structure of the novel explores the deep dissatisfaction and alienation that even seemingly successful men like Nick feel in American society. Despite all the supposed social progress, despite the end of the Cold War, despite Nick’s relative wealth, he is still chasing after his past. Nostalgia is a dominating force in modern life, something that compels Nick to drive into the desert in pursuit of a woman he met a few times many decades earlier. He feels powerless and ineffectual in the current moment, so he drives into the desert as he drives into the past, in an effort to reconnect with a thought, an emotion, or a memory. Nick’s quixotic pursuit of the past is illustrative of the extent of his Social Alienation.
Nick is revealed to be the current owner of the same baseball that Cotter obtained in the 1950s. The path of the baseball from Bobby Thomson to Cotter to Nick becomes one of the main through lines in the novel. During this part of the novel, however, the authenticity of the baseball is still in doubt. Nick has paid a large sum of money for the ball, but, as Big Sims explains, most people assume the ball to be lost, meaning that the object Nick owns is likely a fake. Even if Nick’s baseball is real, the fact that most people believe it to be fake removes any value that it might have. This relationship between perception and value hints at the vagueness of modern existence. Items such as the baseball are commodities with no real objective value. Their value is a sentimental construction built out of social perception. The baseball’s provenance is unknown, so its symbolic and monetary value has been lost, forcing Nick to create a new meaning for the baseball. Rather than symbolizing his sentimentalized past, it now symbolizes failure and bad luck. Even though he owns the authentic baseball, the social perception of its inauthenticity means that he has to create a new, more depressing meaning for one of his most treasured possessions.
The Bobby Thomson baseball is also an example of the way in which characters conflate Consumerism and Identity. Alienated from his present, he becomes nostalgic for his past, and he sees the baseball as an opportunity to reconnect with his identity as an avid Dodgers fan who “died inside” when his team lost the famous game. He becomes desperate to possess this piece of personal history, later saying that it was “the only thing in [his] life that [he] absolutely had to own” (97). However, in the end, the baseball—even if it is authentic—is just an object, incapable of giving him the sense of connection and identity he so desires. When Sims asks him what he “does” with the baseball, he doesn’t have an answer, because he can’t do anything with it. Owning it hasn’t brought him any closer to his past self or given his life meaning. It is a dead end, a symbol of the false promise of consumerism.



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