Just So Stories

Rudyard Kipling

57 pages 1-hour read

Rudyard Kipling

Just So Stories

Fiction | Short Story Collection | Middle Grade | Published in 1902

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

The Whale is a massive ocean predator who roams the sea consuming all the fish he can find. Driven by a seemingly bottomless appetite, he lacks foresight and listens readily to the suggestions of smaller creatures. His gluttony causes problems for the local ecosystem until he accidentally swallows an opponent who knows how to fight back.

Key Relationships

Captor of The Mariner

Advised by The 'Stute Fish

The Mariner is a resourceful shipwreck survivor who finds himself swallowed whole by a giant sea creature. He uses his limited tools, specifically a jack-knife and his suspenders, to cause a painful commotion and force a return to dry land. His quick thinking secures his safety and permanently alters the ocean's food chain.

Key Relationships

Captive of The Whale

The Camel is an intensely lazy animal residing in the newly formed world. He spends his days looking at his reflection in a puddle of water while pointedly ignoring requests for help from his peers. His constant refusal to contribute leads directly to magical intervention and a permanent physical change.

Key Relationships

Refuses to work for The Man

Punished by The Djinn of All Deserts

Coworker of The Horse

Coworker of The Ox

The Djinn is a magical authority figure responsible for maintaining order in the desert environments of the new world. He values hard work and fairness, stepping in with powerful magic when an animal refuses to pull his weight.

Key Relationships

Disciplinarian of The Camel

The Rhinoceros is a rude, thick-skinned animal who roams the area around the Red Sea. He wears his smooth skin unbuttoned and takes what he wants without asking. His poor manners quickly create a bitter enemy who plots a painful revenge.

Key Relationships

Steals from The Parsee Man

The Parsee Man is a solitary individual who relies on his cooking stove for survival. When a large animal steals his meal, he holds a grudge and devises a cunning method to exact revenge on the thief.

Key Relationships

Seeks revenge on The Rhinoceros

The Leopard is a solid-colored predator who relies on his natural camouflage to catch prey in the open plains. When his food source relocates, he must migrate to an unfamiliar forest environment. He relies heavily on his human companion for strategy and advice when the environment shifts.

Key Relationships

Hunting partner of The Ethiopian

Advised by Baviaan

Hunter of The Zebra

The Ethiopian is a clever hunter who works closely with the Leopard. He possesses a large vocabulary and quickly understands when they need to adapt their methods. He initiates the physical changes necessary to survive in the dark, dappled forest.

Key Relationships

Hunting partner of The Leopard

The Elephant's Child is a highly curious young animal with a short, bulgy nose. His incessant questioning annoys his extended family, prompting him to travel to the Limpopo River for answers. He possesses a strong sense of determination despite his family's harsh treatment.

Key Relationships

Attacked by The Crocodile

Helped by The Bi-Coloured-Python-Rock-Snake

The Crocodile is a deceptive predator living in the murky river waters. He uses false promises to lure curious animals close enough to catch them in his powerful jaws.

Key Relationships

The Kangaroo is originally a small, woolly animal with four short legs. His massive ego and desire to be different drive him to pester divine beings for a transformation. His excessive pride leads to a grueling ordeal across Australia.

Key Relationships

Petitioner of The Big God Nqong

Chased by Dingo

Dingo is a yellow dog tasked with pursuing a vain creature across the continent. He runs relentlessly for hours, acting as an instrument of divine instruction while growing increasingly hungry and confused.

Key Relationships

Pursuer of The Kangaroo

Subordinate to The Big God Nqong

The Hedgehog is a small animal capable of curling into a tight ball to protect himself from predators. Facing a constant threat from a local hunter, he shares his defensive techniques with his companion to improve their odds of survival.

Key Relationships

Friend of The Slow-Solid Tortoise

Hunted by The Painted Jaguar

The Tortoise is a cautious creature who evades predators by retreating into his hard exterior. He teams up with his friend to confuse their mutual enemy, learning how to swim and altering his physical form in the process.

Key Relationships

Friend of The Stickly-Prickly Hedgehog

Hunted by The Painted Jaguar

The Painted Jaguar is a dangerous but easily confused predator. He relies entirely on his mother's rhymes to identify his prey, making him susceptible to deception when his targets refuse to cooperate.

Key Relationships

Predator of The Stickly-Prickly Hedgehog

Predator of The Slow-Solid Tortoise

Son of The Painted Jaguar's Mother

Taffimai Metallumai, often called Taffy, is a clever Neolithic girl who loves spending time outdoors. Frustrated by the lack of written communication in her society, she experiments with drawings to convey messages. Her creative efforts frequently result in significant misunderstandings before proving revolutionary.

Key Relationships

Daughter of Tegumai Bopsulai

Daughter of Taddimai

Interacts with The Stranger-Man

Tegumai Bopsulai is a prehistoric father who enjoys a close bond with his daughter. He encourages her creativity and actively participates in developing a system of shapes to represent spoken sounds.

Key Relationships

Father of Taffimai Metallumai

Husband of Taddimai

Pau Amma the Crab is an enormous, disobedient creature who refuses to follow the instructions of the world's creator. His massive size causes catastrophic floods whenever he leaves his underwater home to search for food.

Key Relationships

Disobedient creation of The Eldest Magician

Disrupts the life of The Man

The Man is a recurring figure in the early world, representing the dawn of human civilization. He domesticates animals for labor, suffers floods near his river home, and attempts to assert dominance over his wild surroundings.

Key Relationships

Husband of The Woman

Employer of The Camel

Antagonist of The Cat

The Woman is a clever domesticator who uses food and magic to bring wild animals under her control. She creates a system of mutual benefit, trading shelter for labor, but struggles to outsmart a particularly stubborn feline.

Key Relationships

Wife of The Man

Reluctant host of The Cat

Employer of The Dog

The Cat is a fiercely independent animal who refuses to fully integrate into human society. He desires the warmth and food of a cave but strictly insists on maintaining his autonomy. He relies on his wits to manipulate humans into serving him.

Key Relationships

Makes a deal with The Woman

Antagonized by The Man

Antagonized by The Dog

Suleiman-bin-Daoud-Solomon is a powerful, magical king who understands the languages of animals. He possesses immense abilities but refuses to use them out of an extreme, paralyzing sense of humility. He requires gentle manipulation to maintain order in his own home.

Key Relationships

Husband of Balkis

Helps The Butterfly

Balkis is a wise queen who operates quietly behind the scenes. She orchestrates situations that allow her husband to use his power without compromising his strict moral code.

Key Relationships

Manipulates The Butterfly's Wife

Supporting Characters

The 'Stute Fish is a clever ocean dweller who uses manipulation to avoid being eaten. He directs a massive predator toward a human, prioritizing his own survival over the safety of others.

Key Relationships

Advisor to The Whale

Baviaan is a wise baboon who understands the changing dynamics of the natural world. He directs struggling predators to alter their tactics, sparking a major transformation.

Key Relationships

Advisor to The Leopard

The Snake is a knowledgeable creature who observes the events on the riverbank. He provides vital assistance and tactical advice when a predator attacks, helping turn a dangerous situation into a physical advantage.

Key Relationships

The Big God Nqong is a powerful deity who takes literal approaches to answering prayers. Annoyed by arrogance, he uses an aggressive method to grant wishes and teach humility simultaneously.

Key Relationships

Granter of wishes to The Kangaroo

Commander of Dingo

The Painted Jaguar's Mother is a wise older animal who tries to impart hunting knowledge through simple rhymes. She attempts to keep her easily bewildered son fed and safe.

Key Relationships

Mother of The Painted Jaguar

Taddimai is a Neolithic mother who worries deeply about her family's safety. She aggressively misinterprets incoming messages, mobilizing her entire tribe based on her fears.

Key Relationships

Mother of Taffimai Metallumai

Wife of Tegumai Bopsulai

The Stranger-Man is a traveler from a different tribe who does not speak the local language. His willingness to help a child leads him into dangerous situations, as he misinterprets crude drawings as calls for military assistance.

Key Relationships

Messenger for Taffimai Metallumai

The Dog is the first animal to trade his wild freedom for steady meals. He becomes fiercely loyal to his human companions and aggressively patrols the boundaries of their home.

Key Relationships

Employee of The Woman

Rival of The Cat

The Butterfly is a small insect prone to making exaggerated boasts to win arguments. His false claims catch the attention of the king, trapping him in a situation that requires royal intervention to resolve.

Key Relationships

Husband of The Butterfly's Wife

The Butterfly's Wife is a stubborn insect who refuses to back down from an argument. Her demands for evidence inadvertently solve a much larger conflict within the royal palace.

Key Relationships

Wife of The Butterfly

Manipulated by Balkis