Kareem Between

Shifa Saltagi Safadi

75 pages 2-hour read

Shifa Saltagi Safadi

Kareem Between

Fiction | Novel/Book in Verse | Middle Grade | Published in 2024

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Part 4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of bullying, racism, and religious discrimination.

Part 4: “Second Quarter”

Part 4, Chapter 1 Summary: “Motion”

On Friday in gym, the students do football drills as assessments. Austin looks glum and stands away from the teacher, who is his father and the football coach. After yelling that he picked the wrong players for the team, Coach makes them run laps. As Kareem runs, Austin asks how far he has gotten on Austin’s math poster. Fadi joins, but Austin orders him to slow down, calling him “Cereal.” Although Kareem knows that he should say something, he does not; instead, he speeds up, leaving Fadi behind.

Part 4, Chapter 2 Summary: “Pass”

Fadi stays away from Kareem for the rest of class. Even though Kareem does well on the assessments, he feels terrible.

Part 4, Chapter 3 Summary: “Illegal Shift”

NFL Fact #9 defines an illegal shift as a penalty the offense receives when the players do not stop moving prior to the snap. This precedes Kareem’s explanation of how things are going at home. He describes the family’s Friday night volunteer work as chaos without Mama.

Part 4, Chapter 4 Summary: “Reverse”

In Saturday’s Arabic class, Khale Afaf teaches students in place of Kareem’s mother. She encourages Kareem to continue practicing when he struggles. Distraught without his mother, Kareem feels like a quarterback who is moving in the wrong direction.

Part 4, Chapter 5 Summary: “Out of Bounds”

On Sunday, Kareem talks to Jido, who offers to bring “a Syrian jalabiyeh / as a gift” (125), but Kareem says that Syrian clothing is considered strange in the United States. Jido advises him that it is okay to be a stranger and that the Prophet Muhammad accepts everyone equally. Kareem thinks that Jido does not understand.

Part 4, Chapter 6 Summary: “Interference”

After the Green Bay Packers, the Bears’ rival, win their game, Kareem is downcast. When the news comes on, Baba tells Kareem to leave the room. He sneaks down the stairs to listen anyway, but Jameelah leads him away, telling him that he is too young to understand. Once she leaves him alone, Kareem returns to the stairs, but the television is off.

Part 4, Chapter 7 Summary: “Trap”

On Monday, Fadi asks Kareem to take his project to class while he uses the bathroom. When Kareem arrives, only Austin is there. He tells Kareem that he is on the team and asks for the extra poster. Annoyed that Kareem seemed to make one for Fadi and not him, Austin rips it up.

Part 4, Chapter 8 Summary: “Turnover”

When Fadi gets to class, he sees Kareem standing above his ripped poster, assumes Kareem did it, and runs off. Jerry gives Kareem a disapproving look. When the teacher enters, she asks what happened. Jerry explains, but no one says who did it. The teacher calls the office looking for Fadi and then begins class. Fadi never returns, and Kareem feels terrible.

Part 4, Chapter 9 Summary: “Out of the Pocket”

NFL Fact #10 identifies “the pocket” as the area behind the line of scrimmage where the quarterback is protected. Austin has no project and will likely get a zero, so he glares at Kareem, who feels like a quarterback who has left the safety of the pocket.

Part 4, Chapter 10 Summary: “Taunt”

While Kareem prays in the library, Austin pulls the prayer mat out from under him. Despite this, Kareem finishes his prayer. When he demands that Austin return the prayer mat, Austin calls it a rag and tells Kareem that he is “not American / enough for [the] team” (137). Throwing the mat on the ground, Austin storms off. His words hurt Kareem.

Part 4, Chapter 11 Summary: “Play”

Kareem questions whether he should play football.

Part 4, Chapter 12 Summary: “Muff”

NFL Fact #11 describes how, when a returner fails to cleanly catch a punt or a kickoff, it is called a muff.


After school, Kareem cannot find Fadi. Baba tells him that he went home sick, and Jameelah looks suspiciously at Kareem.

Part 4, Chapter 13 Summary: “Sacked”

The next day, when Fadi gets in the car, he does not smile and snaps at Kareem, who compares the awful feeling he has to a quarterback being sacked.

Part 4, Chapter 14 Summary: “Iced”

One January day, it is unseasonably warm, so the students go outside during gym. Kareem walks to the football field alone and imagines that even the sun is angry with him.

Part 4, Chapter 15 Summary: “Juke”

Coach announces that they will play football. First, the students run laps. Alone, Kareem flies. He notices Coach watching and feels momentarily okay.

Part 4, Chapter 16 Summary: “Line of Scrimmage”

Coach tells Kareem to play quarterback. On the first play, he throws it as Jerry instructed him, but it flies past the wide receiver. Austin laughs, but Coach is impressed. He tells his own son to take notes, and Austin fumes.

Part 4, Chapter 17 Summary: “Red Zone”

NFL Fact #12 defines the red zone as the area between the 20-yard line and the end zone, where the offense is about to score.


When Coach steps away, Austin remarks that Kareem will never make the team and that he is not welcome in America, saying, “Even the president said so” (147). Angry, Kareem finally speaks up and asks why Austin needs to cheat if he is so much better than Kareem. Austin tackles Kareem, and they wrestle until Coach yells and sends them to the principal’s office.

Part 4, Chapter 18 Summary: “Second Down”

Later, Kareem is quiet when his father asks about his day. Baba assumes that Kareem misses Mama and promises to return his phone. Kareem, who never causes trouble in school, does not want to disappoint Baba, so he decides to prevent his father from getting the principal’s phone call.

Part 4, Chapter 19 Summary: “Hail Mary”

NFL Fact #13 defines a Hail Mary as a low-odds desperation play; the quarterback throws it deep to tie the game or win. Kareem needs his own Hail Mary.


At home, Baba places his phone on a table and goes upstairs to change. Kareem takes the phone into the garage, looking for a hiding spot. While he has the freezer door open, he is scared by a noise and drops his father’s phone inside. He wonders if his plan will work.

Part 4, Chapter 20 Summary: “Clock Runs Out”

In the kitchen, Kareem helps set the table and wonders when his father will notice that his phone is missing.

Part 4, Chapter 21 Summary: “Interception”

After dinner, Baba looks for his phone while Kareem folds laundry. Jameelah senses that something is wrong and tells Baba that Kareem knows where the phone is. Kareem stays silent until his father tells him that he needs to plan for Mama to return home with Jido. Leading his father to the garage, Kareem feels his father’s silent disappointment.

Part 4, Chapter 22 Summary: “Takeaway”

Cold from being in the freezer, the phone does not turn on. Baba is angry. Kareem knows that he will never get his own phone back.

Part 4, Chapter 23 Summary: “Red Flag”

Later, Kareem sits at the kitchen table while his father waits to see if the charger will resuscitate his phone. The atmosphere is tense.

Part 4, Chapter 24 Summary: “Dropped Ball”

Miraculously, the phone works. Baba tells him to stay there while he makes a call; Kareem overhears him yelling into the phone, even though he normally never raises his voice. Baba books a flight for the end of the month and then sits dejectedly in the kitchen.

Part 4, Chapter 25 Summary: “Fumble”

Comparing this moment to the book Shooting Kabul, Kareem knows that everything is his fault. His mother will not be returning soon, and Baba received both a phone call and an email from his principal.

Part 4, Chapter 26 Summary: “Cover”

Friday morning is frigid. Mama and Jido remain in Syria because Baba’s delayed call caused him to miss the opportunity to fly them home sooner. Kareem has lost the privileges of watching football, going to the library, and eating ice cream.

Part 4, Chapter 27 Summary: “Spike”

Kareem is devastated that his mother cannot return.

Part 4, Chapter 28 Summary: “Blitz”

NFL Fact #14 describes how multiple defensive players run at the quarterback during a blitz.


In school, Austin and Kareem are forced to sweep the cafeteria as punishment. Neither boy makes the spring football team. When Austin yells at him, Kareem suggests that Austin is not a good quarterback. Wondering if his father said that, Austin runs out.

Part 4 Analysis

Kareem continues to struggle with his conscience in his dealings with Austin and Fadi, developing the theme of True Friendship Versus Popularity. When Austin calls Fadi “Cereal” and demands that he slow down and not run with him, Kareem notes that “[i]t’s wrong, / the way Austin / talks to Fadi,” and he acknowledges that he “should say something […] should stop him” (119), but he does not. Kareem continues to experience internal conflict, torn between doing the right thing and going along with Austin’s demands. Ultimately, what Kareem really seeks in allying himself with the bully is popularity, as he realizes while praying one day in the library. After Austin rips Kareem’s prayer rug out from under him because Kareem did not complete the poster for him, Austin says, “You’re not American / enough for our team” (137). These cruel words “linger” and “hurt” Kareem enough for him to understand that the quarterback is no friend of his.


Kareem feels that he has failed Fadi, so he takes steps to fix things, developing the theme of Courage Emerging from Failure. Walking out to the football field alone, Kareem feels the “biting chill of [his] / classmates [Fadi and Jerry]” (141), a response to how he has handled everything that reinforces the depth of his betrayal. When Austin bullies Kareem for not being American enough, Kareem therefore finally stands up for himself, revealing that Austin has been cheating off him. Although they then scuffle and get sent to the principal’s office, Kareem’s words demonstrate that he is learning to stand up to injustice, even if it means he may not be accepted by the popular crowd.


Kareem’s willingness to sacrifice popularity is all the more notable given that Kareem feels increasingly alone with his mother in Syria. Her absence is central to the theme of The Crisis of Family Separation, and its impact emerges in both Kareem’s diction and use of poetic structure. At Saturday school, while struggling to read Arabic, he misses his mother and notes:


Without Mama here,
I feel like a QB
leading my team
in reverse,
going backward
on the
field,
farther from our
goal (124).


The analogy comparing Mama’s absence to moving the wrong way on the field emphasizes just how lost Kareem feels without her. Furthermore, these lines are aligned with the right side of the page, and starting with “reverse,” each successive line is farther to the left. This mirrors moving the football in the wrong direction, but it also reinforces the impact of his mother’s absence in another way. Arabic reads right to left, so the poem’s alignment echoes its subject matter. However, Kareem consistently struggles with Arabic, and his mother’s absence exacerbates the problem, which the leftward drift of the words structurally suggests.


A later episode affirms that the separation is not merely destabilizing but painful. When his father misses an opportunity to bring their mother and Jido home from Syria, Kareem remarks:


My heart
is
a spiked
football
tossed
to the ground
to stop the game (170).


Using the football as a metaphor, Kareem demonstrates how traumatic the separation from his mother is.

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