Siddhartha is a young, intellectual, and spiritually restless Brahmin’s son. Despite his privileged upbringing and the admiration of his community, he feels an unquenchable thirst for knowledge and a deeper understanding of the Self. His unyielding independence drives him to leave his comfortable home and begin a lifelong spiritual and physical journey.

Govinda is Siddhartha's devoted childhood friend who functions as his constant shadow. Also a spiritual seeker, Govinda possesses a more conventional mindset, making him eager to follow established leaders and strict doctrines. He readily accepts the teachings of wise men, contrasting sharply with Siddhartha's skepticism.

Kamala is a wealthy, independent, and intelligent courtesan who lives in a town grove. She is highly skilled in the arts of love and uses her influence to help Siddhartha integrate into the material world. Practical and composed, she demands that Siddhartha acquire fine clothes and wealth before she will teach him.

Gotama, the Illustrious One, is a revered holy man who has attained Nirvana and travels with a large following of monks. He exudes an aura of invulnerable peace, continuous quiet, and perfect serenity. He preaches the Eightfold Path and salvation from suffering, attracting thousands of seekers.

Vasudeva is a humble, simple ferryman who lives a quiet life working on the river. Though considered ordinary by many, he harbors immense wisdom drawn directly from his deep connection to the natural world. He is an exceptional listener, offering silent comfort and guidance to travelers without forcing his opinions upon them.

Kamaswami is a wealthy and successful merchant living in the town. He is consumed by his trade, taking his business ventures and financial anxieties very seriously. He takes Siddhartha on as a partner but frequently finds himself baffled by the younger man's detached, game-like approach to money and commerce.

A respected and learned Brahmin, Siddhartha's father is deeply devoted to his son and envisions a great future for him as a sage and priest. He represents the traditional Hindu establishment and the expectations placed upon Siddhartha by his family and caste.

The Eldest Samana is an aging, severe ascetic who demands total self-denial from his followers. He has spent years practicing extreme fasting and meditation in an attempt to escape the Self, though he has never truly reached Nirvana himself.

Raised in the comfort and wealth of the town, Siddhartha's son is accustomed to a life of luxury. He is strong-willed, defiant, and resistant to the simple, rustic lifestyle of the river where he unexpectedly finds himself.