61 pages • 2-hour read
Allen EskensA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Content Warning: This section of the guide features discussion of graphic violence, death, death by suicide, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual assault, child abuse, self-harm, ableism, mental illness, suicidal ideation, addiction, substance use, and cursing.
Joe has built his identity around the wound of paternal abandonment, and when he investigates Toke’s death, the ensuing barrage of misadventures forces him to discover that the father he imagined as a myth was really no more than a calculating predator. To make matters worse, the shadows of the man’s misdeeds nearly cost Joe the family he actually has. Haunted by a fight with a fourth-grade classmate who callously labeled him a “bastard” and forced him to learn what the word really meant, the adult Joe doggedly pursues the mystery of his father’s last days as a way to lay his own inner demons to rest. In the aftermath of that schoolyard fight, his mother had baldly told him, “Well, you are a bastard, goddamn it. That no-good piece-of-shit father of yours didn’t want nothing to do with you” (22). Joe’s response is to “cram the shadow of this man into a box and bury him so deep in my memory that it would never again see the light of day” (24). This vow holds for 17 years, when the report of Toke’s murder shatters Joe’s entire worldview.
Implicit in the novel’s structure is the contention that Joe’s decision to “bury” the memory of his father shapes him more intensely than a present, engaged father ever could have. He has spent most of his life telling himself that he has no need to learn anything about a father who abandoned him and his family. However, it is clear that he does not believe his own rule, for as soon as he learns of Toke’s death, he compromises his own hard-won relationships with his current family—Lila and Jeremy—to learn more about a man whom he will never have the opportunity to know in any meaningful way. Yet even this quest proves ill-fated from the beginning, for when Joe realizes that Toke punched Kathy in the stomach for refusing to get an abortion, the myth of a heroic father gives way to the grim reality that Toke was a documented abuser. Saddled with this onerous knowledge, Joe admits, “All my life I had been pretending that I didn’t care if my father existed, but now that he might be dead, he became real to me” (55). Even as Joe’s image of his father sharpens, so too does his bitterness, for he learns that the man he never knew was not worth knowing.
This fact is placed beyond all debate when Joe reads the letter that Toke to Kathy from jail, but ironically, this letter also plays a crucial role in helping Joe to resolve the lingering mysteries that haunt the town of Buckley. Toke’s childish spelling errors—make due, out come, good bye—are the forensic key that Joe later uses to prove that Toke forged Jeannie’s suicide note. Ironically, his father’s parting curse becomes the evidence that disinherits him; the abandonment that defined Joe’s childhood becomes, in Chapter 50, the proof that strips Toke—and Joe—of the Hix estate. What Joe inherits instead is a battered GTO: the one possession that Toke owned outright. Fittingly, the car provides Joe with the means to return to Lila, the person who has become only real “home” he has ever known.
The Shadows We Hide splits its focus between the immediate mysteries surrounding Toke’s murder and the long-standing emotional entanglements of addiction and recovery that haunt Joe’s family, both past and present. By featuring two characters who have survived addiction—Kathy and Lila—the novel provides an intricate commentary on the psychology of succumbing to and eventually overcoming this particular challenge. Most importantly, Eskens never entertains the illusion that the recovery process is a one-time challenge. Through Kathy’s four years of sobriety and Lila’s earlier climb out of her pattern of addiction and self-harm, the novel insists that addiction and trauma are conditions that must be managed every day.
While Joe’s no-contact rule reflects his iron belief that his mother is beyond all redemption, he hypocritically views Lila in a much more positive light. The double standard that he maintains between Lila and Kathy is the wedge the novel uses to shatter his certainty and force him to alter his uncompromising worldview. Early in the book, when Joe delivers a scathing judgment of Kathy without realizing that his words have stung Lila, he attempts to defend his own gaffe by insisting, “You’re not my mother. You were a kid—a teenager. You pulled yourself out of it” (56). He means to comfort Lila, but his exclamation also reveals his belief that some recoveries count while others do not. Notably, Lila refuses to entertain any distinction between herself and Kathy, saying, “I am the same person, you understand that, don’t you? You act like there’s some kind of baptismal font that we drunks can walk through to change who we are” (56). While Joe would prefer to pretend that Lila’s addictions are no longer a factor, she is keenly aware that remaining sober is a daily choice.
Much later in the novel, Kathy’s matter-of-fact demeanor reinforces this point even as her marked transformation convinces Joe that redemption just may be possible for her. In the AA meeting, she introduces herself by saying, “Hi, everyone, I’m Kathy, and I’m an alcoholic and a meth addict” (201). Her cold, pragmatic admission illustrates the deliberate nature of the recovery process that the novel openly champions. By this point, Kathy has come a long way from the haggard, desperate version of herself who told her son, “You’d better hope they put me in prison, because if they don’t—I’ll fucking kill you” (186). Now, the distance between that scream and her quiet “I’m so proud of you, Joe” (211) measures the difference that a daily practice can produce over four years of recovery.
Most importantly, Joe’s eventual acceptance of Kathy’s ability to change also paves the way for his own healing—his own “recovery” from the tumultuous family crises that defined his childhood and early adulthood. In many ways, Kathy’s successful healing helps Joe to recognize his own flaws and strive to overcome them, and their reunion offers a wealth of healing for both Joe and Jeremy. They return to their old apartment to find it arrayed as it always should have been, and in embracing Kathy once again, they reclaim an essential part of themselves. As Joe takes in this scene and struggles to reconcile the woman he sees now with the one who once endangered Jeremy’s life, he must also deal more honestly with the realities of his own bad habits and failings. The novel therefore argues that the recovery process is contingent on other people’s willingness to risk being hurt again, and it asks Joe to extend to his mother the conditional faith that Lila has been extending to him.
The novel frequently measures Joe’s character by what he is willing to forfeit, and as the structure of the novel forces him to run a gauntlet of increasingly complex moral dilemmas, each ethical choice that he makes carries a specific, calculable price tag. His first challenge is limited to the professional sphere of his life, for when Penny tells him about Senator Dobbins’s abuse of his wife and insists on keeping her own involvement in the affair a secret, Joe promises, “I won’t run any story unless I can do it without using your name” (124). This promise binds him to a specific course of action long before he understands what his decision will cost him personally. Yet even when he understands that he may lose his career over this issue, Joe’s position has not changed, and he declares to the AP lawyer, Joette Brecke, “I won’t give up my source” (125). Determined to honor Penny’s wishes, Joe takes on a considerable amount of risk in his own life.
Midway through Joe’s adventures in Buckley, however, he experiences a peculiar collision between his own unresolved issues over his past with Kathy and the town’s superficial misjudgment of him as nothing more than “Little Toke.” Chagrined to be saddled with the nickname of the man who abandoned him before he was born and whose given name he has been burdened to carry all his life, Joe struggles to make his new acquaintances in Buckley realize that on the ethical front, he bears no resemblance to the man who is technically his father. The most tangible “inheritance” that he ever receives from his father—other than the battered GTO—is the instinctive distrust and hatred of those who knew Toke well. In this context, his determination to hold true to his own moral stance slips somewhat in the heat of the moment, as his lapse with Vicky suggests. Caught up in the alternate reality of small-town Buckley and its many sticky entanglements, he allows himself to forget—however briefly—his own identity and obligations. In allowing Vicky to kiss him, he dabbles in the fantasy that he is a different person entirely.
Although Joe’s judgment in personal matters is sometimes heavily flawed, this strong ethical pattern nonetheless holds true across every theater of his life. The principle that costs him his job is the same principle that eventually costs him his inheritance. In Chapter 50, when Joe stands in Bob Mullen’s office, holding Jeannie’s misspelled suicide note, he realizes that Toke is the true culprit in both Jeannie’s death and Angel’s overdose, and he understands that the slayer statute will prevent Toke—and by extension himself—from inheriting the Hix estate. Sitting alone on a park bench, he considers Mullen’s cynical prediction: “You’ll start thinking that six million sounds a whole lot better than three million. I’ve seen it happen” (288). In Joe’s version of this temptation, he rationalizes his desire to remain silent and take Angel’s money by enumerating all the good he could do for Jeremy, thinking, “I could set up a trust fund. He would never have to work” (322). Rather than presenting Joe as an impossibly incorruptible soul, Eskens creates a scene that forces the protagonist to give the temptation its full weight before deciding to do the right thing.
When Joe walks the suicide note to Sheriff Kimball and forfeits the Hix estate, he holds true to the deepest essence of himself, preserving his integrity and renouncing Toke’s legacy of deceit and harm in the process. Haunted by Lila’s words—“All you had to do was be a decent guy, and you couldn’t do that” (259)—Joe willingly pays the price of embracing said decency and regains his own equilibrium. Inspired by Bob Mullen’s contention that home is often “a person,” Joe gives up the wayward dream of what might be and resolutely strives to recover the life that he has built for himself by begging Lila’s forgiveness. By this point in the novel, Joe has finally paid enough for his principles to recognize the true value of what he already has.



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