47 pages • 1-hour read
Elizabeth StroutA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Content Warning: This section of the guide contains depictions of mental illness, bullying, suicidal ideation, death, child abuse, and cursing.
In mid-June, Artie Dam, a 57-year-old high school history teacher, shares a farewell dinner with his close friend Flossie MacDonald before she moves to Ohio to live near her daughter. Flossie laughs with him and reminisces, admitting that although her late husband Reginald was “an asshole,” she still misses him deeply. When Artie later reports the conversation to his wife, Evie, who works as a family therapist, she responds largely with indifference, not being very fond of Flossie herself. Artie feels a sense of disconnection from Evie, who is often distant with him.
By early September, loneliness has settled over Artie. One day at school, he angrily admonishes a student named Danny Marino for mocking Rhonda Lazarre, a socially awkward fellow classmate. He notes a new anxiety in his students, one that has been present ever since the COVID-19 pandemic.
Artie’s home life is quietly strained. He is haunted by memories of his deceased sister, Maria, and of his mother, who had an unspecified mental illness and sometimes became violent; in Artie’s youth, she was twice institutionalized. Artie and Evie also live under the shadow of a tragedy from 10 years prior, when their son Rob was involved in a car accident that killed his girlfriend, Heather Morrison. Heather’s family blamed Rob for the accident, attempting to sue. Details from the crash led Artie to intuit that Rob and Heather had been engaged in sexual activity at the moment of impact; in that moment, a wordless understanding passed between Artie and his ashamed son. Since then, Rob has been withdrawn and distant from his father.
After reluctantly attending a neighborhood party and chafing at the shallow falseness of the interactions, Artie laments to Evie that their friends conceal their true suffering. This prompts her to recall that Flossie’s late husband, Reginald, used to say, “Each man is an island” (15).
Secretly, Artie has been planning to die by suicide and has been searching for a method that will appear accidental. He concludes that drowning would be the most plausible method, as he habitually goes sailing in the bay. One night, he has a vivid dream of floating in the ocean under a blue sky. The next day, Rob visits unexpectedly to announce that he is in the midst of an amicable separation from his older wife, Francesca, who is a talented concert pianist. Rob now has a new relationship with a woman his age named Rachel. Their conversation is cut short by the arrival of the plumber, Tom Marino—Danny’s father—who breaks down crying and confesses that his wife is having an affair and that Danny already knows. Later, after telling Evie about an unpleasant memory of his mother and receiving an inadequate response, Artie reflects on this sense of disconnection and realizes that he is “lonely enough to die” (32). He recalls how difficult it was for Evie to conceive children and how she “glowed” when she finally got pregnant with Rob.
A few days later, one of his students, Rhonda Lazarre, privately confesses to him that her mother has a mental illness. Against his better judgment, he mentions his own mother’s similar history, reassuring Rhonda that her own “sads will come and go” (35).
The narrative then relates a collage of Artie’s reflections on the past. He recalls the last days of his sister Maria’s life; her child was stillborn, and she died a week later of a brain aneurysm. He dwells on his mother’s mental illness and her physical and emotional abuse, and he remembers his sister as a young girl, sneaking down to the basement to eat confectionery sugar because she “desperately wanted sweetness in her life” (39).
The next night, Evie recalls a get-together between their family and Flossie’s when both Rob and Flossie’s daughter, Sophie, were quarreling teenagers. Artie recalls that Reginald had openly sympathized with Rob’s frustration over Sophie’s misbehavior. Evie comments that Flossie and Reginald never did have a happy marriage.
On Saturday, Artie goes sailing, and his foot accidentally slips as he climbs from his dinghy to the sailboat. He falls into the cold water, where his water-filled boots pull him down, and he realizes with a sense of unreality that the scene precisely mirrors his recent dream. He loses consciousness just as a motorboat approaches with two men who rescue him.
Artie awakens in a hospital, and as he processes the realization that he almost died, he no longer wishes to die by suicide. When Rob visits and asks Artie outright whether the fall was a suicide attempt, Artie truthfully insists it was an accident—while refraining from mentioning his previous suicidal ideation. Rob tearfully confesses that he sees his father as his “explorer” into the future, and he states that if Artie were ever to die by suicide, it would signal that Rob could do the same. At Rob’s insistence, Artie promises never to kill himself. He later describes his predictive dream to his doctor, who identifies the phenomenon as precognition.
During his time in the hospital, Artie muses over a montage of past experiences and memories. On his first night there, he recalls seeing Rob’s wife, Francesca, perform as a pianist at Carnegie Hall and contemplates the intensity of her passion for music. During the second night, he recalls winning the Teacher of the Year award. While giving his acceptance speech, he saw Flossie cheering for him and her husband Reginald rolling his eyes at the entire event. Evie had claimed that Reginald, despite his own brilliance, was jealous of Artie’s popularity. Now, in the hospital, Artie laments Reginald’s “poverty of spirit” (53).
Later, Artie tells Evie of his precognitive dream, but she is noncommittal. Artie’s rescuer, Kenneth Moynihan, comes to visit him in the hospital, and the two quickly bond, later arranging to meet at Spud’s Bar and Grille on Thursday evenings. Back in his classroom, Artie recounts his accident and marvels at the students’ warm reception. Rhonda Lazarre tells him that he must have a guardian angel.
Rob brings Rachel to meet his parents, but the visit is awkward. Afterward, Evie accuses Rachel of stealing a small pillbox and judges her harshly.
The narrative shifts briefly to Evie’s close third-person perspective to reveal that she has been struggling with bouts of private “grief” and “sadness” over the past several months, although the reason is not specified. The narrative then provides brief glimpses of Rhonda Lazarre, Danny Marino, and Anne Merrill’s perspectives.
Fully recovered from his mishap, Artie goes sailing and thoroughly enjoys himself. A few weeks later, he attends a school soccer game and watches in dismay as a fight breaks out over the referee’s call, causing animosity and antisemitic actions to spread inexplicably through the crowd. Intuiting that the bad feeling in the crowd originates in national politics, Artie grows uneasy. Later, when he predicts to Evie that American society will get much “worse,” she replies, “You are a doomsayer about the state of this country. Why don’t we just wait and see” (64).
At Spud’s, Ken reveals to Artie that he knew the family of Heather Morrison (Rob’s girlfriend, who died in the car crash). As the conversation continues, Artie and Ken bond over their working-class backgrounds. Later, Artie calls Flossie to tell her about the accident and about his lunch with Ken; she admits to feeling jealous of his new friendship and plans to come back to town for New Year’s Eve; she suggests that she and Artie meet at Spud’s on New Year’s Day. Artie agrees.
In the novel’s opening chapter, Artie Dam’s silent fixation on suicide illuminates the sharp contrast between his affable public persona and his private despair. To his students, he is “Damn-dam, the greatest man” (6), a beloved teacher whose classroom provides them with a safe space of warmth and humor. Yet internally, Artie is methodically plotting his own death, drowning in his despair and isolation and convinced that “[p]eople do die of loneliness” (33). By vividly describing the protagonist’s internal schism, Strout emphasizes the novel’s focus on The Weight of Unspoken Truths. Artie’s obsessive planning creates a double life where his external actions are performed “by rote,” while his true self is consumed by a pain that he cannot articulate or make anyone understand. The departure of his confidante, Flossie, accelerates this crisis, leaving him with no outlet for his authentic self. Because Strout strategically juxtaposes Artie’s blasé social interactions with his dire internal monologues about suicide, the narrative as a whole reinforces the dour idea that “[e]ach man is an island” (15). This division establishes the central conflict of the novel: Artie’s struggle to reconcile his hidden suffering with the life he is expected to live.
The hospital scene between Artie and his son Rob reframes Artie’s life as an important anchor for his son’s future, revealing the unspoken dependencies that shape their relationship. When Rob asks if the drowning was a suicide attempt, he confesses that he often acts on his father’s example, and it therefore follows that if Artie were to die by suicide, Rob “could do it too” (47). This raw admission points to Rob’s festering guilt over his role in the car accident that claimed the life of his girlfriend, Heather Morrison, a decade ago. Artie has already conveyed his implicit understanding that the couple’s ill-advised sexual activities led to the tragedy, and this grim mutual awareness has stood between father and son for years. Now, Rob’s vulnerability creates a new, explicit bond, shifting Artie’s private struggle with loneliness into a paternal responsibility with broader implications.
On the societal level, Artie’s personal struggles are exacerbated by The Negative Effects of Political Polarization, and Strout makes it a point to provide examples of this toxic dynamic in many different spheres of Artie’s life. For example, just as Artie is reveling in his newfound zeal for life, his hard-won equilibrium is disrupted by a violent fight and the slinging of antisemitic slurs at a school soccer game. The evidence of barely concealed hatred in the crowd’s simmering rage forces Artie to contemplate the steady decay in the community at large. This incident links his private turmoil to the nebulous national crisis of political polarization as America’s various factions square off in a deepening series of culture wars propagated by the current administration. The conflict demonstrates how national ideological battles can infiltrate local life and transform a harmless community sporting event into a site of raw animosity. Even the principal’s attempt to restore order is met with boos, signaling a breakdown in social cohesion. This scene externalizes the political dread that Artie has felt for years, lending credence to his fear that the United States is unraveling amidst the “culture wars” of the 2020s.
Throughout these chapters, small domestic objects and memories become charged emblems of the characters’ unresolved emotional conflicts. From the confectionary sugar that represents the “sweetness” that Artie’s sister Maria desperately searches for as a child to the leaking faucet in Artie’s bathroom that represents the unaddressed problems in his domestic life, Artie’s inner world is punctuated by a series of physical objects that spur deeper contemplations of life’s difficulties and unresolved traumas. As the story unfolds, these minor details carry significant weight, exposing the hidden grief, class tensions, and pivotal memories that simmer beneath the surface of the characters’ everyday lives.



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