37 pages 1-hour read

Vincent Delecroix, Transl. Helen Stevenson

Small Boat

Fiction | Novella | Adult | Published in 2025

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Character Analysis

Content Warning: This section of the guide features discussion of death, child death, and racism.

The Narrator

The unnamed CROSS radio operator is the narrator and protagonist of Small Boat. Her crisis of conscience and her oscillations between self-reproach and self-justification drive the narrative. In Part 1, she drives to Cherbourg to submit voluntarily to a police interrogation attempting to ascertain whether she bears ethical or legal responsibility for the deaths of 27 migrants whose boat sank while the narrator was on duty. 


Her defense rests the claim that her rescue work requires her to have no opinions and no empathy. While the policewoman chastises her for making no moral distinction between a raft full of desperate migrants and a rich person’s pleasure yacht, the narrator insists that this moral neutrality is precisely what her job requires. Her role is to rescue whoever needs rescuing, not to decide who is and is not worthy of rescue. Accused of lacking empathy, she argues that empathy is self-serving. She asks the policewoman, “what would you prefer: that I organise the rescue mission or that I sob down the microphone with them?” (32). She believes that to do her job effectively, she has to leave all conventional moral considerations at the door. Throughout this interrogation, she maintains an attitude of disdain for the policewoman’s moral critique, which she views as misplaced. 


Though she never voices any doubt to her interrogator, her doubts creep into her interior monologue, especially as she discusses her daughter, Léa. In the middle of the interrogation, she experiences a vivid daydream in which she is at home cradling a sleeping Léa while the recorded voices of the migrants drift up through the floorboards. She thinks, “she’s not in danger of drowning in her little bed at night or in her bowl of hot chocolate in the morning” (15). This is as close as she comes, in Part 1, to acknowledging the systemic injustice of a world in which some children are safe and warm while others drown, but the contrast does not soften her so much as expose how compartmentalized she has become. She is overwhelmed by the sheer numbers of migrants needing rescue, and she begins to view their need as an imposition. She delivers a lengthy monologue in which, prodded by the policewoman, she admits that the migrants have not chosen to place themselves in danger frivolously, but she disclaims any responsibility for their predicament: 


Who is banishing them, blowing on them, scattering them across the surface of the earth, and sweeping them towards the sea, where they vanish like dust shaken from the coat tails of humanity. What gigantic storm rises somewhere behind them, what gigantic sweep of a broom in Africa or Bangladesh or Afghanistan? One thing's for sure, I'm not the one holding the broom, sweeping them across the earth's surface and throwing them in the rubbish bin of the Channel. (24)


This is an early foreshadowing of the manner in which the narrator’s self-protective worldview will break down by the end of the book. She acknowledges that the migrants are caught up in global forces far beyond their control, but she takes no responsibility for her own comparative privilege, instead insisting, superfluously, that she is not personally directing those forces. 


In Part 3, she is alone with her thoughts, not defending herself to her interrogator, and she reckons much more directly and honestly with her emotions. She admits to herself that she did not necessarily do everything she could have done to help the people on the raft, and her self-justifications do not reassure her. She sees two people walking toward her on the beach and imagines that they are the two survivors of the disaster, come to chastise her or to take revenge. She holds her young daughter not to reassure the child but to reassure herself: “I cling to my daughter's body like a lifebuoy, but it doesn't save me” (104). In the novel’s closing lines, she admits that she can no longer remember whether she said “you will not be saved” or whether the caller said it to her (106). The meaning of the question depends on the speaker—an acknowledgment that she too needs saving.

The Policewoman

The Cherbourg investigator conducts Part 1’s interrogation. She looks uncannily like the narrator: Both women have severe ponytails, coat-rack shoulders, and pointed faces. Both have the same way of placing their hands on either side of a computer and the same habit of tucking a loose strand of hair behind an ear (25). In Part 3, it is strongly implied that the narrator has not yet visited the police station, and that the policewoman she’s been speaking to is a product of her imagination: a manifestation of her own tormented conscience. As such, she embodies the societal expectations that the narrator has internalized: that she should respond to people in distress with empathy, and that she should value the people on the boat no less than her own daughter. Because the narrator feels that her job is incompatible with these conventional moral expectations, she cannot reconcile herself with her conscience. 


Her interrogation does not stay in police-procedural lanes. She seeks explanation for the known facts, including why the patrol boat was reported unavailable when it apparently was not, and why the cargo ship was discouraged from assisting, but she also interrogates the narrator’s character: her tone of voice and her apparent indifference to the suffering of the migrants. The narrator notes that the policewoman “wasn’t exactly talking like a police inspector should” (46), drifting into territory that belongs to a priest or psychoanalyst. This is the role that the narrator most strenuously resists. At the end of Part 1, she concludes dismissively that the policewoman expects her to “weep with [the migrants] and for them, which most certainly would not have saved them, but at least, apparently, would have saved me, would have saved my soul” (58). Her contention here is that any concern for her personal morality is selfish, as the salvation of her soul would do nothing to keep the migrants alive.


The policewoman names what the narrator cannot, as she refuses to accept the narrator’s compartmentalization. She is the one shaken by the recordings, who turns her gaze away when “you will not be saved” plays back. By the time she shifts to the informal “tu” pronoun (86) in addressing the narrator, the boundary between investigator and double has thinned enough that the narrator hears her questions as her own. Though the narrator insists that “my soul is precisely what I leave in the cloakroom when I get to work” (32), the policewoman demands that she take responsibility for her own soul and for the lives of others at the same time. Because the narrative strongly suggests that the policewoman exists only inside the mind of the narrator, she represents the failure of the narrator’s attempt to separate her work from her moral identity.

Julien

The narrator’s colleague on the night shift once wanted to be a priest, and now carries Catholic philosopher Blaise Pascal’s Pensees (1670) to work and reads between distress calls. Burned out by the responsibilities of his job and by the impossibility of saving everyone in distress, he responds to migrants’ English-language pleas with French quotations they cannot understand: “Vous êtes embarqués” (22), the Pascal line that gives the book its second epigraph. The complete line from Pascal, in W.F. Trotter’s English translation, is “Yes; but you must wager. It is not optional. You are embarked” (Pascal’s Pensees, E.P. Dutton & Co. 1958. p. 67). The phrase, coming from Julien, sounds like a recrimination. Unlike Pascal’s readers, who had no choice but to embark on the journey of life and now must wager on whether God exists, the migrants have chosen to put their raft to sea and have thus already wagered their lives. Julien is telling them callously that they should have thought about the cost of the journey before they began it.


The narrator distrusts Julien’s performative detachment. She calls it “noble despair” and a pose (20), and she sees through the cynicism to the disappointment underneath. He once wanted to serve God; now he sits in an observation post watching small craft drown and reads philosophy because it gives him “the necessary serenity of mind” (20). His stance offers the narrator a permission she partly accepts and partly refuses. If the disaster is cosmic, ordained by an indifferent God, then she needn’t feel personally responsible. After the deaths, he reassures her over a beer that “no one gets sent to prison because they made a misjudgement” (19), which is comfort and dismissal at once. He has not turned himself in to be questioned. His detachment is a survival strategy that has hardened into a worldview—an option the narrator entertains and cannot quite take.

The Young Man on the Phone

This young Kurdish migrant steers from the front of the dinghy with a mobile phone, places 14 calls to the CROSS over three hours, and dies as Part 2 closes. Part 2 is told largely through his consciousness, but he is not given a name. Because he is the one in contact with rescue services, he has the practical authority on the boat—others ask when help will come, and he answers, “Soon,” (66). He has competence and patience, and he continues to insist on the value of his and the other migrants’ lives even as it becomes clear that no one is coming to rescue them (76).


His phone carries the entire exchange between boat and shore, and for this reason he becomes the narrator’s only tangible link to the 27 people who died in the disaster, whose existence is otherwise only theoretical to her. Weeks afterward, she hears his voice so clearly in her memory that she imagines she is listening to a recording of his calls. The asymmetry of the conversation, his exhausted insistence against her professional flatness, represents the different values that the world assigns to their lives: The narrator can afford to insist on calm rationality because her life is not in danger. The choice the caller has made—to risk his life for the chance to work in an English grocery store—is literally unthinkable to her. She cannot imagine a world in which she would be forced to contemplate such a choice.  


In Part 3, he returns in Léa’s imagination, swimming to a faraway island and being mistaken for its lost king (99-100), and in the narrator’s own image of the drowned walking the seabed (100). These lyrical, mythic images, far grander than the caller’s own dream of working in a grocery store, are the narrator’s attempt to console herself, and they are not enough to assuage her guilt. The novel keeps the caller’s voice returning to the woman who refused to send help.

Léa

The narrator’s young daughter is dropped at her grandparents’ the morning of the Cherbourg drive, and is present mostly in her mother’s thoughts. She does not witness the events of Part 1 or Part 2. She shapes her mother’s interior, and the novel lets her interrupt the procedural argument at moments when the procedural argument has nothing left to say.


The narrator clings to Léa physically as a way to protect herself from despair: “I cling to my daughter’s body like a lifebuoy, but it doesn’t save me” (104). At night, Léa’s regular breathing fails to mask the voices coming up from the sea (104). The narrator tastes salt on her daughter’s mouth (81), sees little inflatable boats in her soup (81), and notices that she has not hung a mobile in Léa’s bedroom because she would see a navy helicopter circling the bed (82). Though the narrator insists to herself that Léa is not and will never be at risk of drowning on a frigid night in the Mediterranean, she can’t fully shake her awareness that her child is no different from these other people’s children. She turns to Léa for comfort, but Léa’s existence pushes her as close to a dangerous empathy as she comes. 


Léa’s improvised consolation about the caller complicates the narrator’s own dismissal of imaginative empathy as useless. To comfort her mother, Léa speculates that “Maybe he wasn’t dead” (98). She invents an island, a population that mistakes him for their lost king, a happy ending. The fantasy is a child’s, and the narrator registers it as such, though she also remembers and clings to it. The mother who believes that her job is to refuse imagination has produced a daughter who can imagine the drowned into kings. Léa offers no absolution. She illuminates, by contrast, what her mother gave up to do her work, and gives the dead caller the small gift of a different ending the recordings cannot, though the narrator would surely say that this kind of “gift” does the dead no favors and instead serves only to comfort the living.

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