The Same Backward as Forward

Jennifer Lynn Barnes

47 pages 1-hour read

Jennifer Lynn Barnes

The Same Backward as Forward

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2025

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Part 1, Chapters 14-29Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of illness, death, addiction, sexual content, and substance use.

Part 1: “Hannah”

Part 1, Chapter 14 Summary

Hannah goes back to work and starts thinking about how to move Toby so that Jackson doesn’t become a target. Toby is healing slowly and awake more often, which gives him far more opportunities to tease and taunt Hannah. He offers to play cards with her, and she reluctantly agrees, as long as he will be quiet for two days if she wins. Hannah wins, and she gets her silence.

Part 1, Chapter 15 Summary

Despite the silence, Hannah can’t ignore Toby, as he continues staring at her. They decide to play cards again, but this time Hannah loses. She asks him about something that he’s been saying in his sleep regarding a poisoned tree, but Toby doesn’t know what it refers to.

Part 1, Chapter 16 Summary

Hannah finds the shack door open and instantly panics. Inside, she sees Toby writhing as Jackson tries to lay him down. Jackson explains that Toby tried to stand up and hurt himself again, and Hannah can see that Toby is crying. She knows he must feel terrified and lost but refuses to show empathy beyond her basic care. Suddenly, Toby implies that he knows Hannah is angry at him about something and that she isn’t telling him something important. He quotes lines from William Blake’s “A Poison Tree.”

Part 1, Chapter 17 Summary

Hannah confirms the source of Toby’s quote and reads the poem over and over. She discovers that it is about vengeance and how easy it is for hatred to grow. Meanwhile, Toby picks up Hannah’s habit of paper folding and challenges her to unfold one of his papers without ripping it. At the grocery store, Hannah is approached by a strange man who tells her that he knows who her family is (the Rooneys). She tells him not to believe everything he hears.

Part 1, Chapter 18 Summary

Hannah’s supervisor offers her a special opportunity to work in the burn unit. Hannah spends the day there and learns that dressing changes are the most painful part of the experience. She thinks of Toby and the poem and knows that she can get better drugs from her sister’s room if she wants to. Hannah stays up through the night, slowly unfolding Toby’s paper and finding the message “Everything hurts. Doesn’t it?” written inside (80).

Part 1, Chapter 19 Summary

Hannah goes to her family home and tells her mother about the man at the grocery store. Her mother suspects that the man is looking for Toby. Hannah goes up to Kaylie’s room and finds it the same as her sister left it. She looks around and finds some pills to bring to Toby, along with an unwanted deluge of memories. She also finds Toby’s wallet. Her father approaches and tells Hannah that if she wants “out” of the family business, she cannot keep coming back.

Part 1, Chapter 20 Summary

Hannah brings the OxyContin pills that she found in Kaylie’s room, and Toby gladly accepts them. As he starts to heal, Hannah starts lowering his dosage, which makes Toby irritable and eager to bother Hannah. He points out her tendency to remain “invisible” and asks if she’s a virgin. At one point, Toby tries to stand up, forcing Hannah to hold on to him. In this intimate position, Toby asks Hannah to get him lemons from the grocery store.

Part 1, Chapter 21 Summary

Hannah continues unfolding Toby’s increasingly complex and beautiful paper sculptures, but none of them contain a message like the first. Eventually, she figures out that he is using lemon juice to write palindromes on them.


In Toby’s wallet, Hannah found an unusual coin, which she begins carrying with her. As Hannah starts helping Toby practice standing up, Toby notices that Hannah keeps touching something in her pocket. He asks to see it, and his tone changes instantly when he does. Toby warns Hannah to get rid of the coin, though he isn’t sure why he knows that it’s dangerous. Hannah starts to wonder if Toby had a reason for burning the Hawthorne mansion down.

Part 1, Chapter 22 Summary

Toby challenges Hannah to a word game of his own creation. He writes down the word “SEA” and tells her to make five other words by moving, adding, or removing only two lines from the letters. None of the words she makes can be “sex.” Hannah manages to beat the game but sees that Toby is attempting to flirt.

Part 1, Chapter 23 Summary

Toby draws a circle surrounded by seemingly random letters on Hannah’s hand. He gives her no hints on how to solve it. Meanwhile, Toby starts walking on his own, albeit only for a minute or two at a time. Hannah can’t stop wondering what Toby’s amnesia is hiding.

Part 1, Chapter 24 Summary

Hannah reads “Beauty and the Beast” and finds it reminds her of Toby because the beast knows how destructive he is and lets Belle fall in love with him anyway. She tries to solve the puzzle on her hand but gets nowhere. The next day, Hannah tells Toby that it’s time to start walking outside. He notices the lighthouse and comments on the beauty of its permanence. He says that the first thing he remembers about his life is meeting Hannah.

Part 1, Chapter 25 Summary

Hannah stares at her hand, and it occurs to her to try to align the letters by crossing the circle. She figures out that they spell the words “why hide when you can run” (105).

Part 1, Chapter 26 Summary

Hannah asks Toby what the message means, and he plainly explains that he sees Hannah as someone who lies and hides who she is. He tells a “fairy tale” about a princess with a magic gift for kindness despite being raised by a wicked queen. Hannah responds by calling Toby a coward who ran from his life. She threatens to tell him who he really is, but he stops her before she does so.

Part 1, Chapter 27 Summary

Hannah and Toby don’t talk for three days until Hannah tells Toby to eat more. He challenges her to a game of Hangman, and Hannah agrees with the stipulation that she does not yet have to name her request if she wins. If Toby wins, he wants to know about Hannah’s mother or about the person she is grieving.

Part 1, Chapter 28 Summary

Toby draws 15 lines and gives Hannah unlimited guesses. After she goes through the alphabet, she realizes that he’s using numbers, and he proudly announces that they range up to 310. Hannah manages to guess four numbers but then ends the game for the day.

Part 1, Chapter 29 Summary

Hannah guesses each number possible until she gets them all, and as she does so, Toby draws a portrait of Hannah that shocks her. It captures her beauty and a side to herself that she hardly knew existed. Despite having guessed all the numbers, Hannah has yet to figure out what they mean.


At the hospital the next day, Hannah uses the internet to figure out the answer and then sees her mother in the oncology ward. Her mother acts like her usual tough and cold self, and Hannah pretends not to be concerned.

Part 1, Chapters 14-29 Analysis

The novel depicts the same events from two perspectives, inviting comparison of the main characters’ points of view. As experienced by Hannah, the rising action centers heavily on her conflicted feelings as she wrestles with her emotions and tries to reconcile her hatred and attraction toward Toby. Referring to him as “Harry” helps her distinguish his current persona from past misdeeds; thus, the fact that she mentally refers to him as “Harry” more and more, while never calling him Toby aloud, suggests growing closeness—even an attempt to protect Toby from his past. Nevertheless, her family’s influence remains a source of conflict as she struggles with grief and memories of Kaylie. She therefore tells herself that she hates Toby even as she notes, “[T]he words were closer to a whisper in my mind than the seething vow they’d once been” (96). Meanwhile, vividly detailed and intimate descriptions convey tension and the subtly forming connection between them, as when Hannah feels Toby’s presence, “his breath a ghost brushing over [her] cheek” (84). The word choice frames Toby as haunting Hannah, reinforcing that she simultaneously desires him and holds him responsible for her loss. Her tentative attraction contrasts sharply with Toby’s quick and passion-filled falling.


The allusion to the William Blake poem “A Poison Tree” acts as a warning to remind Hannah of her anger, as the work itself describes the narrator nursing his hatred and desire for revenge across time with ultimately fatal consequences. Given the criminal backgrounds of the characters’ families and the fact that Toby’s actions have now brought them directly into conflict, the poem also references the theme of Inheritance and the Choice to Be Different. However, the novel’s title raises doubts about whether it is possible to break free of the past by creating an atmosphere of inevitability. Toby’s paper folding serves as another example of things that are “the same backward and forward,” as Toby folds paper and challenges Hannah to unfold it the same way. He leaves these “folded-paper marvels” as tokens of gratitude and love (83), but the association of this imagery with the relationship subtly foreshadows that it will not last.


However, the relationship does propel both characters to reckon with who they are and to change. Toby’s circle with letters, drawn on Hannah’s hand, challenges her need to hide and develops the theme of Self-Honesty and the Path to Forgiveness by encouraging her to confront her tendencies toward repression and avoidance. Simultaneously, Toby encourages her to see who she could be, as when he draws a portrait of Hannah that captures her essence and mirrors her beauty back to her in a way she has never seen: “not soft or hard or sharp or dreamy or wild but alive” (123). The continued attention to the characters’ eyes, as when Hannah describes Toby as “touching [her] with his gaze” (65), emphasizes the novel’s interest in perception and how the perspective a love offers can redefine how one sees oneself.


The relationship evolves in tandem, with these chapters building tension and emotional suspense through the changing tenor of the confrontations between Hannah and Toby. When Toby calls Hannah a liar who hides her true self, Hannah calls Toby a coward who ran, all while sensing their growing attraction. The argument springs from caring, where before their relationship was largely clinical and distant.

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