48 pages • 1-hour read
Thomas DekkerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Lacy and Rose are pleased to be reunited. Rose reveals that she is prepared to elope with Lacy if he can make the arrangements for their “happy nuptials” (15.19). Lacy suggests that they meet that night, possibly at Eyre’s house. Since an alderman died, Eyre has been elevated further and is now a mayor. This means that Eyre will be able to help marry them, in spite of their families’ wishes.
Sybil appears with a warning that Rose’s father is nearby. Rose tells Lacy to pretend that he is fitting her for a shoe. Oatley enters and praises the shoemaker’s work, not recognizing the shoemaker as Lacy. Oatley then exits as he has plans to speak to the Earl of Lincoln. Lacy is concerned by the mention of his uncle, but Rose assures him that they will find a way to get married in spite of the risk.
Oatley and the Earl of Lincoln discuss Lacy. Previously, Lincoln had feared that Oatley was hiding Lacy because of Lacy’s love for Rose. Oatley insists that he has had no contact with Lacy since—he assumes—Lacy left for France. Oatley insists that he has done everything in his power to hide Rose from any possible interaction with Lacy, fearing that he might offend Lincoln’s “noble blood” (16.21). Lincoln seems to accept this answer, then enlists Oatley to help him find Lacy so that Lacy can be sent back to the war in France.
Sybil interrupts to announce that Rose and Lacy have eloped. She refers to Lacy as “Hans,” who is accused of being a “Fleming butter-box” (16.42) by Oatley. He cannot believe his daughter could love such a man. Lincoln suspects that Hans is actually Lacy.
Firk enters, carrying the shoes that are intended for Rose. After responding jokingly to the men’s questions, he reveals that Rose and Hans are set to wed in St. Faith’s church. Furious, Oatley tries to bribe Firk for more information, but Firk is wary. He is reluctant to betray his fellow shoemaker and insists that Hans is “nobody” (16.121). Oatley decides that he will go to the church to stop the wedding. He suggests that Lincoln could stay the night and then join him in the morning.
As they leave, Firk reflects privately on his success. He has tricked the men by giving them the wrong location for the wedding. He looks ahead to what is sure to be a chaotic day, envisioning how the marriage of Jane and Hammon—actually taking place at St. Faith’s church—will create many new problems.
As Rose and Lacy prepare to elope, Eyre offers his assistance. Lacy, still in his disguise, mentions his concerns, but Eyre offers his assurances that he will do everything he can as “Lord Mayor of London” (17.7-8) to help. Margery also offers her support. Remembering how Hans helped them to become rich, Eyre explains, he will now return the favor.
Margery is sent to accompany the couple to the Savoy, which is where they will be married. Once they are gone, Eyre thinks about his “mad life” (17.35). He is busy, but he is proud of his rapid ascent. He is eagerly anticipating the chance to host the King, as well as ensuring that his old apprentices and fellow shoemakers are treated well and honorably. In this regard, he plans to make Shrove Tuesday an annual holiday for the apprentices and “feast them all” (17.43)
The shoemakers, the “heirs apparent to Saint Hugh” (18.2), have gathered outside St. Faith’s church. They are armed with sticks so that they can prevent the marriage between Jane and Hammon, promising Ralph that they will support him.
Jane and Hammon arrive with the wedding party. The shoemakers stand in their way. Jane learns that Ralph is still alive. She runs to him, appalled that Hammon would claim that her husband was dead. No matter if Ralph is poor and injured, she announces, she will always love him. Hammon ignores his servant’s suggestion that he should fight.
The shoemakers menace and threaten him, saying that Jane should be allowed to choose her husband. When Jane chooses Ralph, Hammon offers a bribe to Ralph for “[his] Jane” (18.79) but Ralph refuses to give up his wife. He is insulted by Hammon’s offer. Eventually, Hammon recognizes the fault in his actions and instead offers the money as a gift. He swears that “no woman else shall be [his] wife” (18.95) and makes a quiet exit. The shoemakers, meanwhile, celebrate the reunion of Jane and Ralph.
Amid the celebrations, the Earl of Lincoln and Oatley arrive. They are angry at having been made to wait for Rose and Lacy at the wrong place. When they see Ralph and Jane, they mistakenly believe that this is Rose and Lacy. Firk encourages their mistake, mocking them.
They are interrupted by Dodger, who brings news that Rose and Lacy are already married. They were married at the Savoy in the presence of Simon and Margery Eyre. Simon Eyre has promised to “stand in their defense” (18.155). Lincoln and Oatley storm out. They plan to take the matter to the King. Once they are gone, Firk revels in the confusion. Meanwhile, the shoemakers prepare to celebrate Shrove Tuesday.
The second half of The Shoemaker’s Holiday sets up two potential weddings. Notably, both weddings are predicated on deception. Hammon has convinced Jane that Ralph is dead, something that—he later claims—he sincerely believed to be true. She agrees to marry him, not knowing that Ralph is still alive and in London. The second wedding is almost an inverse situation: Lacy and Rose are deeply in love with one another, but they must hide their wedding from the world so that their relatives do not intervene. The former marriage is a hollow, mechanical, and public procedure, while the latter is a sincere but secret plot.
As well as functioning as inversions of one another, the wedding of Jane and Hammon provides necessary cover for Lacy and Rose to marry, speaking to The Tensions of Class Mobility. Oatley and Lincoln go to the wrong church, laying siege to the wrong couple while their relatives get married elsewhere. This vital deception, helped in no small way by Firk, shows how the collaboration between social classes can facilitate love and prevent the travesty of Jane marrying anyone other than Ralph.
The stakes rise as talk begins to spread of the King coming to visit. The King does not appear on the stage until the final scenes in the play, but his presence is felt much earlier. The significance of his status and his nobility is felt on an ambient level, with the characters recognizing a change in the air as the King’s arrival is heralded. The arrival of the King threatens to be a make-or-break moment in the play. For Lincoln and Oatley, the King represents an opportunity to right the social order, especially since he is the most powerful symbol of that social order. The King, in this sense, represents authority and his imminent arrival fills the characters with tension as they are not sure how this authority will resolve the imbalances and challenges that they have created.
Ralph’s return to London is a significant moment in the play, speaking to Labor as Civic Virtue and Alternative Heroism. Of all the characters, Ralph is notable for being one of the few who actually travels overseas to fight in the war. He does so against his will and returns with many wounds. He will never be the same person he was before the war, he fears, and this is made worse by the potential loss of his wife. Ralph faces tragedy, a cruel trick of fate that is made worse by the way he adheres to social convention. He does his patriotic duty while others do not, only to be seemingly punished for having done so.
Ralph’s return is welcomed by the shoemakers. They pity his wounds, but they value his company. They recognize his sacrifice and praise him as a hero, bolstering the emergent idea of English nationalism as something worthy of his sacrifice, a value defended by the working-class as well as the aristocracy. Added to this, the shoemakers show solidarity with their colleague by immediately promising to help him win back his wife. Their loyalty and their camaraderie is, in a sense, the exact kind of society worthy of Ralph’s sacrifice. His return threatens to be tragic but—through the help of his friends—he still finds something worth fighting for.



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